166 LESSONS FROM NATURE. [CiiAr. VI. 



namely, ethnology and archaeology, the most recent re 

 searches of the most trustworthy investigators show that the 

 expectations of the supporters of the dualistic hypothesis are 

 fulfilled, while those of the favourers of the monistic view 

 are disappointed. 



The final result therefore is that ethnology and archae 

 ology, though incapable of deciding as to the possibility of 

 applying the monistic view of evolution to man, yet, as far 

 as they go, oppose that application. Thus the study of man 

 past and present, by the last-mentioned sciences, when used 

 as a test of the adequacy of the THEORY OF EVOLUTION, 

 tends to show (though the ultimate decision, of course, rests 

 with philosophy) that it is inadequate, and that another 

 factor must be introduced of which it declines to take any 

 account the action, namely, of a DIVINE MIND as the direct 

 and immediate originator and cause of the existence of its 

 created image, the mind of man. 



Such being the result of the inquiry we have undertaken, 

 the assertors of man s dignity are clearly under no slight 

 obligations to Sir John Lubbcck and Mr. Tylor for their 

 patient, candid, and laborious toil. But if such is the case 

 with regard to these writers, how much greater must be the 

 obligation due to that author who has so profoundly in 

 fluenced them, and whose suggestive writings have produced 

 so great an effect on nineteenth-century Biology. 



A deep debt of gratitude will indeed be one day due to 

 Mr. Darwin one difficult to over-estimate. This sentiment, 

 however, will be mainly due to him for the indirect result 

 of his labours. It will be due to him for his having, in feet, 

 become the occasion of the reductio ad absurdum of that 

 system which he set out to maintain namely, the origin of 

 man by natural selection, and the sufficiency of mechanical 

 causes to account for the harmony, variety, beauty, and 

 sweetness of that teeming world of life, of which man is the 

 observer, historian, and master. 



But the study of savage life has taught us much. 



Our poor obscurely thinking, roughly speaking, childishly 



