CHAP. VII.] THE BEUTE. 215 



the appropriation and maintenance of domestic animals 

 (Aphides) analogous to our milk-giving cattle. 



Mr. Darwin truthfully remarks on the great difference in 

 these respects between such creatures as ants and bees, and 

 singularly inert members of the same class, such as the 

 scale insect or coccus. But can it be pretended that natural 

 and sexual selection have alone produced these phenomena in 

 certain insects, and failed to produce them in any other 

 mere animals even of the very highest class? If these 

 phenomena are due to a power and faculty similar in kind 

 to human intelligence, and which power is latent and capable 

 of evolution in all animals, then it is certain that this power 

 must have been evolved in other instances also, and that we 

 should see varying degrees of it in many, and notably in the 

 highest brutes as well as in man. If, on the other hand, the 

 faculties of brutes are different in kind from human intelli 

 gence, there can be no reason whatever why animals most 

 closely approaching man in physical structure should re 

 semble him in psychical nature also. 



To criticisms of this nature addressed to Mr. Darwin, 

 Professor Huxley, as already said, has replied in the Con 

 temporary Keview. Adverting to the question of &quot; reason,&quot; 

 Professor Huxley there asserts * that &quot; ratiocination Professor 

 is resolvable into predication, and predication con- 2a^ff r ^ 

 sists in marking, in some way, the succession, the tioualit y- 

 likeness and unlikeness, of things or their ideas. Whatever 

 does this, reasons; and if a machine produces these effects of 

 reason, I see no more ground for denying to it the reasoning 

 power because it is unconscious, than I see for refusing to 

 Mr. Babbage s engine the title of a calculating machine on 

 the same grounds.&quot; 



&quot; Thus it seems to me that a gamekeeper reasons, whether he 

 is conscious or unconscious, whether his reasoning is carried on 

 by neurosis alone, or whether it involves more or less psychosis.&quot; 



I, on the other hand, consider that predication essentially 



Contemporary Review tor November 1871, p. 463. 



