CROPS AND PROFITS. 157 



western half, on the other hand, has the economy of 

 deep and thorough trench-ploughing, every autumn 

 and spring. 



Nor is this an economy to be overlooked by a 

 farmer. Very many, without pretensions to that 

 nicety of culture which is supposed to belong to spade 

 husbandry alone, so overstock their gardens with 

 confused and intercepting lines of fruit shrubbery, 

 and perennial herbs, as to forbid any thorough action 

 of the plough. By the simple device, however, of 

 giving to the garden the shape of a long parallelo 

 gram, and arranging its trees, shrubbery, and walks, 

 in lines parallel with its length, and by estab 

 lishing easy modes of ingress and egress at either 

 end, the plough will prove a great economizer ; and 

 under careful handling, will leave as even a surface, 

 and as fine a tilth as follows the spade. I make this 

 suggestion in the interest of those farmers who are 

 compelled to measure narrowly the cost of tillage, 

 and who cannot indulge in the amateur weakness of 

 wasted labor. 



I have provided also a leafy protection for this 

 garden against the sweep of winds from the north 

 west : northward, this protection consists of a wild 

 belt of tangled growth sumacs, hickories, cedars, 

 wild-cherries, oaks separated from the northern 

 walk of the garden, by a trim hedge-row ^f hemlock- 



