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208 AMERICAN HANDBOOK 



months at least to root well, I prefer the 

 former mode. 



2. E. CATHARTICUS, Lmnceus. Leaves ovate, 

 sharply serrate. Flowers 4-cleft, direcious. 

 Spines terminal. Buckthorn. Native of 

 England. 



Most generally seen as a shrub, but by a 

 little pruning when young, makes a hand 

 some round-headed tree, often attaining, un 

 der favorable circumstances, a height of 

 twenty-five feet, and a circumference of two 

 feet. It delights in a rich loam, inclining to 

 moisture. It will grow well in dry soils, but 

 is there short-lived. Propagated as No. 1. 



3. R. FRANGULA, Linnceus. Without spines. 

 Flowers perfect. Leaves obovate, entire. 

 Alder buckthorn. 



This is usually but a strong shrub, but, 

 like the last, becomes a small tree, having the 

 appearance of No. 1 by cultivation and ma 

 nagement. A specimen is in the garden of 

 John Evans, at Radnor. 



RIIUS, Linnceus. Nat. Ord. Anacardiaceae. 

 Pentandria, Trigynia, Linn. Calyx 5-parted. 

 Petals five, ovate-lanceolate, spreading. Fruit, 



