CHAPTER XXL 



GENESIS OF MAN, INTELLECTUALLY. 



THE chief difficulty -which most persons find in accepting the 

 Doctrine of Evolution as applied to the origin of the human 

 race, is the difficulty of realizing in imagination the kinship 

 between the higher and the lower forms of intelligence and 

 emotion. And this difficulty is enhanced by a tendency of 

 which our daily associations make it hard to rid ourselves. 

 There is a tendency to exaggerate the contrasts which really 

 exist, by leaving out of mind the intermediate phenomena and 

 considering only the extremes. Many critics, both among those 

 who are hostile to the development theory and among those 

 who regard it with favour, habitually argue as if the intel 

 ligence and morality of the human race might be fairly 

 represented by the intelligence and morality of a minority 

 of highly organized and highly educated people in the most 

 civilized communities. When speaking of mankind they are 

 speaking of that which is represented to their imagination 

 by the small number of upright, cultivated, and well-bred 

 people with whom they are directly acquainted, and also to some 

 extent by a few of those quite exceptional men and womer 

 who have left names recorded in history. Though other 

 elements are admitted into the conception, these are never 

 theless the ones which chiefly give to it its character. 

 Emplo} ing then this conception of mankind, abstracted from 



