2IO AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST [N. s., 18, 1916 



women are almost constantly engaged in chewing boot soles and 

 skins outside of the regular exercise the muscles would get in eating. 

 But the contrary is true. The female skull is broader and less 

 scaphoid than the male, and the temporal surfaces less marked. 

 The cephalic index of the female skulls is 76.06 in our series, as 

 contrasted with the purely dolichocephalic skulls of the males, which 

 average 72.65. The adolescent and infantile crania also tend 

 toward mesocephaly, with average cephalic indices of 75.26 and 

 77.68 respectively. The term mesaticephalic, then, fits the appear 

 ance of the female and young skulls more accurately. The doli 

 chocephalic character of the head would appear to be attained in 

 growth. In the more scaphoid type of the male skull perhaps we 

 have another evidence of the adult male producing the racial char 

 acteristics in an exaggerated form. 



SEX DIFFERENCES 



The importance of the sex variation in the Eskimo is considerable, 

 and appears to have been overlooked by most investigators. Duck 

 worth and Pain, in their valuable correlation of Eskimo head and 

 skull measurements, were careful to make this distinction. The 

 main variation in the Point Barrow skulls, outside of the more 

 scaphoid appearance of the male skull already mentioned, is in the 

 relation of the breadth of face to the width of the head. In nearly 

 every case it is under 100 in the females and over 100 in the males, 

 the breadth of face being excessive in the males but less than the 

 width of head usually in the females. Both the facial and frontal 

 width approximate the maximum breadth of the skull more closely 

 in the female than in the male. The cephalic and altitudinal 

 indices are higher in the female, although the capacity is consider 

 ably less. The facial and nasal indices agree fairly well in both 

 sexes. The palatal (external) index of the female is higher than 

 that of the male, and the palate broader, due to the extensive use 

 mentioned above. The alveolar prognathism of the two sexes is 

 practically the same (97.53 being the alveolar index for males, and 

 97.198 for females). The adult condition does not seem to differ 

 greatly from that of the adolescent (alveolar index 97.706). (See 

 Table A.) 



