206 AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST [N. s., 18, 1916 



that the exaggerated features, such as breadth of face as compared 

 with breadth of head, on which particular stress has been laid, are 

 not expressed in the female, but are a characteristic of the male, 

 not only in the Alaskan but in the other Eskimo groups. The 

 general tendency is for the male to reproduce the racial type in an 

 exaggerated form. Consequently, owing to the scarcity of female 

 measurements, or the ignoring of sexual differences, as in Bessels 

 work, 1 a set characteristic has been accepted as a racial trait. 



In dealing with the mandible we have followed the illuminating 

 suggestions of Thompson and worked out the indices which indicate 

 the leverage of the jaw. The theory of the comparative shallow- 

 ness of the glenoid fossa in the Eskimo being the result of the rotary 

 motion of the mandible and the food used by them, as embodied in 

 the recent study by Knowles, 2 has also been considered for this 

 group. It was generally found to hold good and is being worked 

 out in detail for later publicat on. 



The crania offered examples of infantile, adolescent, and adult 

 forms of dentition, for which both dental and cusp formulae have 

 been worked out. It was found that certain primitive character 

 istics, such as the additional cusp of the third molar, and the meeting 

 of the incisors edge to edge, were present in this group. 



The skeletal proportions are somewhat larger than those given 

 by Hrdlicka for the Smith sound Eskimo, but the form is as typical. 

 Certain very primitive characteristics, such as the perforation of 

 the olecranon fossa and the extreme forward curve of the femur, 

 were noted in the female skeleton. 



INCREASE IN STATURE AMONG THE WESTERN ESKIMO 

 The Alaskan Eskimo are a taller and more symmetrical people 

 than their brethren of the central and eastern districts. They 

 lack that appearance of stoutness and squatness inherent in the 

 eastern stock, and for proportion and development of the various 

 parts of the body they do not compare unfavorably with Indians 



1 Bessels, Emil. &quot;Einige Worte iiber die Inuit (Eskimo) des Smith Sundes, nebst 

 Bemerkungen iiber Inuit Schadel&quot; (Archiv f. Anthropologie, VIII., 1875). 



2 Knowles, F. H. S. &quot; The Glenoid Fossa in the Skull of the Eskimo.&quot; (Canadian 

 Geological Survey, Museum Bulletin, No. 9.) 



