SKELETAL REMAINS 21 



ploring the banks of the Ashley river about 10 miles above the 

 city, discovered human bones, fragments of pottery, etc., together 

 with the bones of the mastodon. Professor Leidy, who was sent ,by 

 the Philadelphia Academy of Sciences to examine the locality, actu 

 ally found human bones associated with those of the mastodon, but 

 there appeared in the same connection also a fragment of porcelain. 



Later, in following his investigations in the same region, Pro 

 fessor Holmes discovered further evidences of the coexistence of 

 man with extinct animals; these were particularly a human lower 

 jaw, a tibia, a femur, some stone implements, and potsherds, which 

 were dug out personally from an undisturbed old deposit. The lower 

 jaw was that of an adolescent, and showed a prominent chin and 

 strong muscular impressions; the teeth were normal. The femur also 

 showed strong development. 



It seems that Professor Holmes has never published his account of 

 the finds just mentioned, and there is consequently but little to aid 

 us in the effort to reach a conclusion. Schmidt was inclined to accede 

 to the opinion that the bones were geologically ancient, and sug 

 gested that they belonged to a man of the Champlain period. This 

 view can not be sustained in the absence of more definite information. 

 Chemical and detailed physical characteristics of the skeletal parts 

 are wanting, and the fate of the bones is unknown. They are not in 

 the Charleston Museum. 



IX. THE CALAVERAS SKULL 



The specimen known as the Calaveras skull is a portion of a some- 



v what fossilized human cranium preserved in the Peabody Museum 



^at Cambridge. Prof. F. W. Putnam, director of this museum, 



kindly permitted the writer to examine the specimen thoroughly and 



furnished the two photographs which accompany this section. 



HISTORY 



It is not necessary to review in this place all that has been written 

 about the skull in question ; the original detailed account of it will 

 be found in J. D. Whitney s Auriferous Gravels of the Sierra Nevada 

 of California, and a resume of this, with additional information and 

 critical remarks, is contained in W. H. Holmes s thorough Review 

 of the Evidence relating to Auriferous Gravel Man in California, 

 published in the Report of the Smithsonian Institution for 1899. & 

 It suffices to say that the skull was reported as having been found 

 in ISGfi, in Bald hill., near Altayille, Calaveras county, California, 

 by a mine operator, in a shaft which he had sunk, at the depth of 



&quot;Page 267 et seq. ; Cambridge, Mass., 1879. &quot;Page 419-472; Washington, 1001. 



I 



