70 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BIT LI, 33 



tions, in what came to be known as the 4 &quot; Gilder mound, were prose 

 cuted with particular care. Shafts were sunk in several localities, 

 and one of these was carried down 12 feet. The results of this work, 

 which continued with the assistance of Doctor Condra and several 

 others as long as the weather permitted, were not very striking; 

 the finds, however, consisted of about i^OO fragments of bones, which 

 were attributed to the ancient and undisturbed loess deposits. They 

 were found very much scattered, there being only about &quot; five or six 

 bits to the cubic yard. 1 These showed no regularity of distribution, 

 and grew scarcer with increasing depth. The piece of what is prob 

 ably human bone found at the greatest depth was 11^ feet below 

 the surface. Some of the fragments lay apparently outside of the 

 mound proper. There were no animal bones, implements, or pottery. 



The first notice of the discovery in a scientific journal was pub 

 lished by Professors Ward and Barbour in Science of November 10, 

 1906, and since then there have appeared a number of other papers 

 dealing with the subject.&quot; In Science of January 18, 1907, Professor 

 Barbour expressed definitely his belief in the antiquity of the deeper- 

 lying bones and proposed to designate the &quot; primitive type &quot; which 

 he was convinced they represented, as the &quot; Nebraska loess man.&quot; 



Extracts from several of the papers referred to, embodying the con 

 clusions of the writers regarding the &quot; loess man,&quot; are given in 

 the following pages. As the matter thus presented is necessarily 

 incomplete, however, and may possibly do injustice to the authors, 

 the student of the subject is advised to consult the original pub 

 lications. 



BARBOUR and WAPD, Science, November 10, 1000. &quot; The skulls of the Nebraska 

 man seem to be inferior to those of the mound builder, but for the present at 

 least will be viewed as early representatives of that tribe. In corroboration 



&quot;Bibliography: GILDER, R. F. .First notice, World-Herald, Omaha, October 21, 1900. 



BARR-OUR. E. IT., and IT. P&amp;gt;. WARD. Preliminary Report on the Primitive Man of 

 Nebraska (October 26, 1906), Nebraska Geological Survey, n, pt. 5, 219-327, 4 figs. 



BARBOUR, E. II., and II. B. WARD. Discovery of an Early Type of Man in Nebraska 

 (October 24), Science, November 16, 1906. 



GILDER, It. F. A Primitive Human Type in America ; the Finding of the &quot; Nebraska 

 Man,&quot; Putnam s Magazine, 407-409, 2 figs., January, 1907. 



WARD, II. B. Peculiarities of the &quot; Nebraska Man,&quot; Putnam s Magazine, 410-413, 

 3 figs., January, 1907. 



BARBOUR, E. H. Prehistoric Man in Nebraska, Putnam s Magazine, 413-415, 502-503, 

 3 figs., January, 1907. 



OSBORN, II. F. Discovery of a Supposed Primitive Race in Nebraska, Century, 371-375, 

 7 figs., January, 1907. 



BARBOUR, E. II. Evidence of Man in the Loess of Nebraska, Science, 110112, January 

 18, 1907. 



GILDER, R. F. The Nebraska Loess Man, Records of the Past, \i, pt. 2, 36-39, 5 figs., 

 February, 1907. 



BARBOUR, E. II. Ancient Inhabitants of Nebraska, Records of the Past, vi, pt. 2, 

 40-46, 5 figs., February, 1907. 



BARBOUR, E. II. Evidence of Loess Man in Nebraska, Nebraska Geological Survey, n, 

 329-345, with figures, 1907. 



BLACK MAN, E. E. Prehistoric Man in Nebraska, Records of the Past, vi, pt. 3, 76-79, 

 March, 1907. 



