BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 



exposed during the little digging that was done. There were found 

 also several channels, left by the decay of roots, which passed deep 

 down into the loess. One small phalanx and two slivers of bone 

 were discovered in situ in the exposure previously made by Barbour, 

 one of the slivers occurring at a depth of 5, the phalanx at nearly 

 0, and the other sliver at a depth of TJ feet from the surface. What 

 were pointed to as excavations outside of the mound were difficult 

 to distinguish as such, there being no lines of demarkation to indicate 

 the limits of the mound. 



EXAMINATION OF THE BONES 



SKULL NO. 1 



A past-middle age, masculine, moderate sized, slightly asymmetric, but not 

 pathological cranium, found by R. F. Gilder, about 3 feet deep in the Gilder 

 mound. Large portions of the right side and of the base are wanting ; part of 

 the left side has been repaired, but warping prevented a good restoration. 



Color pale yellowish, agreeing with that of other specimens from the mound ; 

 there are a few spots of slight black discoloration, such as are met with on 

 many of the other specimens from this locality. There is no trace of fossiliza- 

 tion, in fact the bones appear quite recent. 



The skull is nearly dolichocephalic. The angles of all the planes are 

 rounded. The antero-posterior surface-arc is elliptical and shows no distinct 

 summit. The supraorbital ridges are of approximately medium masculine pro 

 portions, and extend over but little more than the median half of each supra- 

 orbital space. The forehead is not high, but presents a fairly well-marked 

 vaulting; the left side is slightly more anterior than the right. There is but 

 little sagittal elevation. The temporal regions present no special features; 

 the temporal ridges are not prominent, and their nearest approach to the 

 median line is 5.5 cm. on the right and 6.1 cm. on the left side. The occiput, 

 moderately convex, shows a pronounced, but not excessive, superior crest, 

 and marked depressions for the attachment of the smaller recti muscles; the 

 right side is slightly more prominent than the left. The right mastoid (left 

 mastoid wanting) is of moderate masculine size. The glenoid fossae which 

 are well preserved, are of ordinary form and good depth. The serration of 

 the sutures approaches, especially in the lambdoid, about the medium form, 

 as observed in whites. In the right half of the lambdoid are two small and 

 two larger sutural bones. Obliteration has advanced externally in the coronal 

 below the temporal ridges, and in the posterior half of the sagittal, with traces 

 in the lambdoid ; ventrally the three sutures are wholly occluded, with the 

 exception of small end portions of the lambdoid. The thickness of the left 

 parietal ranges from 4 to 6 mm. 



A portion of the face, separated, shows an apparently mesorhynic nose, 

 moderate alveolar prognathism, somewhat prominent malars, and well-marked 

 submalar fossae. The lower jaw (somewhat damaged) is of moderate mascu 

 line size and massiveness, with chin slightly squarish and well protruding; 

 diameter bigonial 10.5, vertical height at symphisis 3.3 cm. ; the angles show 

 rather strong effects of muscular attachment. The teeth in both jaws are of 

 medium size and, so far as can be seen, of ordinary form ; they are all much 

 worn off. The enamel is everywhere of good luster -and uncracked. On the 



