78 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 33 



dark il scolorations, as on other specimens from this locality; there is no 

 percept &quot; hie fossilization, the bones appearing quite recent. The skull is rather 

 broad ;hough not brachycephalic. The supraorbital ridges are of submedium 

 masculine size. The forehead is low and rather sloping, but the vault-bend is 

 quite marked; diameter frontal minimum 9.7, frontal maximum 12.1 cm., 

 rasion-bregma arc near 13 cm. Temporal ridges not pronounced ; nearest 

 approach to median line on the right 5, on the left 4.8 cm. There is a slight 

 sagittal elevation. The remaining sutures are all patent ; serration of coronal 

 submedium, of sagittal about medium ; a moderate-sized accessory bone exists 

 on each side in the coronal, in the locality of the fetal antero-median fontanel. 

 Yentrally the frontal bone everywhere shows good impressions of brain-convo 

 lutions. Thickness of left parietal (as far as preserved), 4 to G mm. 



This specimen bears on its surface marks of cutting an interesting feature 

 which occurs on many other bones from this mound. -The incisions extend along 

 the whole border of what remains of the right parietal and over 4 of that 

 of the left parietal, running nearly parallel with the coronal suture. Numerous 

 vertical cuts or markings on the left resemble very closely imitations of the 

 articular surface of the frontal bone. Another evidence of cutting is seen on 

 the anterior part of the specimen, where a portion of the right supraorbital 

 ridge was thus removed. The incisions were all made with some sharp instru 

 ment, and the clear-cut edges and ridges* produced are not perceptibly worn off. 



SKULL NO. 5 



Frontal part only. The forehead, which is quite low, shows two well-defined 

 depressions which mark it as abnormal, and on this account the specimen can 

 not well be utilized for comparisons. 



SKULL NO. () 



This specimen (plates x, ft, xi, It; figures 12, 13, 15), which was dug out from 

 the Gilder mound, at an estimated depth of 5 feet, by a farmer s boy named 

 Joseph, is the cranium pictured in Professor Osborn s account and in the Bar- 

 hour- Ward papers. It is a moderate-sized defective adult male normal cranium. 

 Color pale yellowish, with black discoloration on the dorsal surface of the vault. 

 No perceptible fossilization ; all the parts look quite recent and still retain con 

 siderable animal matter. 



The skull was apparently mesocephalic, with a cephalic index of about 79. 

 The anterior plane shows a moderate sagittal elevation, the lateral and superior 

 planes are ovoid with the smaller extremity anteriorly, and the posterior plane 

 is pentagonal forms all quite common among Indians. The supraorbital ridges 

 are pronounced, about as in the Rock Bluff and the Albany Mound crania 

 described in another part of this paper (see page 28 et seq.), and their distal 

 extension aids in the formation of a complete, though not very heavy, supra- 

 orbital arch. The forehead is quite low and sloping, yet some vaulting and 

 frontal bend are distinctly noticeable. The temporo-parietal region is somewhat 

 fuller than in the other skulls from the mound, showing otherwise nothing 

 unusual ; the temporal ridges are moderately marked and their nearest approach 

 to the median line is 5 cm. on the right and 4 cm. on the left side. The occiput 

 is not protruding ; it shows a prominent superior ridge and a separation of the 

 supraoccipital part (epactal bone). The right mastoid is of about average mas 

 culine size. The ventral surface shows nothing peculiar. Thickness of left 

 parietal 4 to 6.5 mm. 



