HRDLlfiKA] APPENDIX 108 



depressions are not extensive ; they do not extend to the inner table of the 

 bones, and had only local effect on the shape of the skull and none perceptible 

 on the lowness of the forehead. The extreme front of the skull is somewhat 

 asymmetrical, the right side protruding forward more than the left. This 

 asymmetry is also marked ventrally, but does not affect the rest of the skull. 



The glabella is very prominent, and the same statement applies to the median 

 extremities of the supraorbital ridges. The latter are limited to the median 

 three-fifths of the supraorbital space, but owing to the small forward extension 

 of the forehead, the remainder of- the border on each side shows also a con 

 spicuous projection. Above the glabella and ridges is a depression, behind 

 which rises the very limited arch of the forehead. The sagittal region is 

 somewhat elevated. Between the vertex and inion the skull shows slight com 

 pression, due probably to cradle-board pressure. 



The specimen is rather small (the greatest length measures about 18.4 cm.), 

 but as the bones are not thick the capacity was probably in excess of 1,300 c. c. 



Ventrally the sutures are wholly obliterated, while dorsally most of the 

 coronal, a part of the sagittal, and most of what is present of the lambdoid 

 appear still open. There is no evidence that the state of the sutures has 

 influenced in any way the shape of the skull. 



The temporal ridges are only partially traceable, indicating no strong mus 

 culature. 



The minimum frontal diameter in this skull amounts to only 8.7 cm. ; the 

 frontal maximum to 10.7 cm. 



D. SKULL FROM MOUND NEAR ALTON, ILLINOIS (NO. 242982) 



(Plate xvir, a) 



The specimen is not deformed and, except in a part of the alveolar process, 

 shows nothing pathological. It is plainly a masculine skull and belonged to 

 an aging individual. The sagittal, median one-third of the lambdoid, and the 

 coronal suture below the temporal ridges show, with some of the facial articu 

 lations, advanced senile occlusion. 



It presents pronounced supraorbital ridges (restricted to the median three- 

 fifths of the supraorbital border), somewhat less voluminous glabella, and very 

 low forehead, with but feeble frontal bend and but a trace of the eminences. 

 The sagittal region is only slightly elevated. The ridges and other features 

 indicate moderately strong musculature. 



The face shows average (Indian) alveolar prognathism. The teeth are of 

 ordinary size; third molars have never erupted (the skull is that of an indi 

 vidual at least 50 years of age; the lower jaw is missing). 



The base shows the same anomaly as no. 228876 (page 101) a fenestrum 

 formed by a narrow bony septum, reaching from the lower part of the external 

 pterygoid plate to the sphenoid, externally to the foramen ovale. 



Measurements 



Diameter antero-posterior maximum centimeters 17.8 



Diameter antero-posterior from ophryon do 17.4 



Diameter lateral maximum do 13.5 



Cephalic index 75.8 



Basion-bregma height centimeters 13.4 



Cephalic module : 14. 90 



