ADVANCEMENT OF LEARNING 305 



have selected our divisions according to the nature of things 

 themselves; but if any particular science required to be 

 treated at length, we have followed those divisions which 

 are most conformable to use and practice. The second ne 

 cessity arose from supplying the addenda to the sciences, 

 and reducing them to an entire body, which completely 

 changed the old boundaries. For, say that the existing arts 

 are fifteen in number, and that the deficiencies increase the 

 number to twenty, as the parts of fifteen are not the parts 

 of twenty, two, four, and three being prime numbers in 

 each, it is plain that a new division was forced upon us. 



SEVENTH BOOK 

 CHAPTER I 



Ethics divided into the Doctrine of Models and the Georgics (Culture) of the 

 Mind. Division of Models .into the Absolute and Comparative Good. 

 Absolute Good divided into Personal and National 



WE NEXT, excellent King, proceed to ethics, which 

 has the human will for its subject. Reason gov 

 erns the will, but apparent good seduces it: its 

 motives are the affections, and its ministers the organs and 

 voluntary motions. It is of this doctrine that Solomon says, 

 &quot;Keep thy heart with all diligence, 1 for out of it are the 

 actions of life.&quot; The writers upon this science appear like 

 writing-masters, who lay before their scholars a number of 

 beautiful copies, but give them no directions how to guide 

 their pen or shape their letters; for so the writers upon 

 ethics have given us shining drafts, descriptions, and 

 exact images of goodness, virtue, duties, happiness, etc., 

 as the true objects and scope of the human will and desire; 

 but for obtaining these excellent and well-described ends, 



1 Prov. iv. 23. 



