The Evolution of Morality. 229 



family springs out of the syndyasrnian when 

 pastoral life begins, with the holding of lands and 

 the care of flocks and herds. Lastly appears the 

 monogamous family, which must be associated 

 with the rise of individual property and the de 

 sire of fathers to establish lineal succession to es 

 tates. As the form of the family has changed in 

 the past, so must it in the future keep pace with 

 the advance of society. But should the monog 

 amous family fail to answer the coining require 

 ments of society, it is impossible to predict the 

 nature of its successor. 



Thus the theory of Morgan, like that of Mc 

 Lennan, reaches out into a past and a future as 

 distant as each is hypothetical. Hence some of 

 the objections urged against McLenrian s theory 

 are equally applicable to Morgan s. There is, for 

 instance, not the slightest ground, apart from the 

 exigencies of a theory, for the assumption of an 

 aboriginal promiscuity in sexual relations, which, 

 indeed, both archaeology and biology tend to dis 

 prove. And it may be reiterated, once more, that 

 it is a gratuitous concession to our methodology 

 when the facts of the world are supposed to ar 

 range themselves according to our mode of appre 

 hending them. We have no evidence whatever 

 that all branches of the human family passed 



