The Evolution of Morality. 243 



alogies through mothers ; the Germans, according 

 to Tacitus, considered the relationship between 

 children and their mother s brother closer than 

 that between children and their own father. In 

 Hebrew, em, the word for &quot; mother,&quot; also means 

 &quot; stock, race, community, and similarly with the 

 Arabic omm^ ornma while in either language, 

 again, the bonds of relationship are designated by 

 a word connoting the &quot; womb.&quot; And Professor 

 Smith makes the highly original suggestion that 

 Eve, &quot;the mother of all living&quot; (Gen. iii. 20), 

 is &quot;the universal eponyma, to whom all kinship 

 groups must be traced back. Eve is the person 

 ification of the bond of kinship (conceived as ex 

 clusively mother-kinship), just as Adam is sim 

 ply man, i.e., the personification of mankind &quot; 

 (Op. tit., p. 177). Lastly, in the &quot; Eumenides &quot; 

 of JEschylus, Bachofen saw (like Gervinus with 

 regard to &quot;Hamlet&quot;) a tragic conflict between two 

 world-epochs: the hoary age of mother-kinship, 

 represented by the Erinnyes, and the dawning 

 age of father-kinship as announced by Apollo and 

 certified by Athene in the judicial acquittal of 

 the matricide Orestes. 



Along with mother-kinship goes the custom of 

 a husband settling in the family of his wife. 

 Livingston found an isolated example of it not 



