BEGINNINGS 11 



received and cared for in private institutions. Miss Loring, the 

 founder, is still, after 25 years, the president of the institution. 



The first state sanatorium for the tuberculous was established 

 by an act of the Legislature of the State of Massachusetts in 

 1895, and was opened for the reception of patients in October, 

 1898. It was called the Massachusetts State Sanatorium and is 

 located at Rutland. 



The first municipal hospital for the consumptive poor in the 

 United States was established in Cincinnati, Ohio, in July, 1897. 

 The second one was established in New York city at Blackwell's 

 Island in 1902, by the Department of Charities, under the direc- 

 tion of Mr. Homer Folks. It is known as the Metropolitan 

 Hospital. 



The United States Government in 1899 established a United 

 States Army General Hospital at Fort Bayard, N. M., for dis- 

 charged tuberculous soldiers of the United States Army, who are 

 beneficiaries of the Soldiers' Home, Washington, D. C., for officers 

 of the Army on the active or retired list who have tuberculosis, 

 for wives of officers, and for Army nurses who are tuberculous. 

 It has a capacity at present of 1,500. A second hospital was 

 established by the United States Public Health Service about the 

 same time at Fort Stan ton, N. M. It was designed for the 

 treatment of tuberculous civilian government employees. Both 

 institutions are now under the United States Public Health 

 Service and at the present time are almost entirely occupied by 

 tuberculous ex-soldiers of the world war. 



In 1903 and 1904 there were established two institutions for 

 the treatment of tuberculosis, each unique in its own way. The 

 first was the Stony Wold Sanatorium, built in the Adirondacks 

 at Lake Kushaqua, N. Y., for the treatment of consumptive work- 

 ing women and children. The sanatorium is maintained by 

 philanthropic women of wealth. The other institution was Sea 

 Breeze, a seaside sanatorium for tuberculous and scrofulous chil- 

 dren, established in 1904 by the New York Association for 

 Improving the Condition of the Poor, at Coney Island. It is 

 now operated by the city of New York at Neponsit Beach, Long 

 Island. 



Interest in the treatment of tuberculosis had developed to 



