CONTENTS. 



PAGB 



INTRODUCTION- Fundamental Principles of Dental Science 7 



CHAPTER I. 



TOOTH-GERMS (ODONTOGENY). 



Periods at which the Germs are visible in the Fetus. Dentine and 

 Enamel Germs. A Cement Germ in the Foal. The Horse's Upper 

 Grinders said to be developed from Five Germs, the Lower from 

 Four. Similar development of the Human Teeth. Monsieur Mag- 

 itot's Researches ' 31 



CHAPTER II. 



THE TEMPORARY DENTITION. 



Twelve Incisors and Twelve Molars. Why the Incisors are calle 

 " Nippers." The Treatment of Foals Affects Teething. Roots 

 of Milk Teeth Absorbed by the Permanent. The Tushes 47 



CHAPTER III. 



THE PERMANENT DENTITION. 



Distinction between Premolars and Molars. The Bow-like Incisors. 

 Contrasts between the Upper and Lower Grinders, and the Rows 

 formed by them. -The Incisors saved from Friction. Horses' 

 Teeth compared with those of other Animals. Measurements. 

 Time's Changes. Growth during Life 63 



CHAPTER IV. 



THE CANINE TEETH OR TUSHES. 



Practically Useless. Different in their Nature from the other Teeth. 

 Were they formerly Weapons of Offense and Defense ? Views of 

 Messrs. Darwin. Hunter. Bell, Youatt, and Winter. Their time of 

 Cutting the most Critical Period of the Horse's Life 75 



CHAPTER V. 



THE REMNANT TEETH. 



Usually regarded as Phenomenons. The Name. Traced to the Fossil 

 Horses, in which (in the Pliocene Period) they " Ceased to be Func- 

 tionally Developed." Nature's Metamorphoses " The Agencies 

 which are at work in Modeling Animal and Vegetable Forms." 

 Why Remnant Teeth are often, as it were, Prematurely Lost. Fos- 

 sil Horses and a Fossil Toothea-Bird 94 



