Hunting at High Altitudes 



the disappearance of the buffalo had much to do with 

 the working up of the last Kiel rebellion, and after 

 that failed, the Red River halfbreeds as a camp ceased 

 to exist. Many of them fled over the border into the 

 United States and remained there, some taking up 

 ranches and becoming useful citizens, others remain- 

 ing nomads, traveling about with wagons which con- 

 tained all their possessions, and from the ends of 

 each of which protruded the family lodge poles. They 

 camped where night found them, and lived as best 

 they could. Others no doubt took up land in Canada, 

 and being obliged to settle down and to remain in one 

 place, became useful citizens of the Western Provinces 

 of the Dominion. 



The Red River halfbreed has passed away forever. 

 With his picturesque lodge, his complaining cart, his 

 troop of dogs, his wife and daughters clad in silks, 

 which were stained with buffalo grease and soiled 

 with the dust of the prairie, he remains but a memory. 



15. Pemmican, under one name or another, was 

 a compact form of nourishment, made by most of the 

 prairie Indians. A warrior setting out on foot to 

 make a long journey into some enemy's country often 

 had the many pairs of extra moccasins that he carried 

 stuffed with pemmican, or, if not with pemmican, 

 with pounded dried meat. 



Among the Sioux and the Cheyennes who did not 

 make pemmican in such quantities as did the more 

 northern Indians, the dried meat was often pounded 

 with a small hammer on a smooth stone anvil. This 

 anvil stood in the middle of an oblong or circular 



262 



