WINDINGS AND GUIDES 157 



must have noted the spot (A, Fig. 3) by a pencil- 

 mark, after measuring from the ferrule-end, B, a 

 sufficient distance both to clear the ferrule and to 

 allow space for the line-guide, D, that is to be located 

 here. End the spiral by a few close turns at A; 

 then turn the joint so that the end B is again directed 

 to your left, and start the return spiral. For all 

 spiral-windings returning over the same course you 

 must reverse your thread by looping it and catching 



Fig. 4 Silk winding 



the loop with a few circular turns that are cast over 

 it, as illustrated in Fig. 4. Do not mind any bunch- 

 ing of circular turns here, as both the loops and these 

 circular turns are but temporary, and all will be cut 

 away later, when a smooth, permanent circular- 

 winding takes their place. This looping maneuver 

 is necessitated in laying the second and third courses 

 of each spiral-winding on butt-joints, and for the 

 second course on middle-joints. To produce the 

 diamond-whipping on top-joints, in single-thread 

 spirals, it is not necessary; you then continue to wind 

 ahead without reversing the thread, till the four 

 spirals are finished, simply by crossing your thread 



