16 CROSSING OF FOLDS 



formed by great anticlinal or arch-like ridges of the 

 folded strata. A glance at the map will show that the 

 general trend of these mountains is roughly parallel to 

 the coast ; on the western side the Cederbergen, Witzen- 

 bergen, Cold JBokkeveld Mountains, and other minor 

 ranges, run a little west of north ; while on the south, 

 where the Langebergen, Zwartebergen, and other ranges 

 of less importance lie nearly east and west, the coast line 

 makes a corresponding change in direction, but the 

 coast cuts diagonally across the folded belt. In the 

 districts between Ceres and Bredasdorp there is an in- 

 termingling of the east and north trending folds, forming 

 an area where the forces that produced these folds have 

 given rise to a clearly marked diagonal set with a 

 north-easterly course ; the chief ranges due to these 

 north-easterly folds are the great mass extending some- 

 what irregularly from Cape Hangklip to the mountains 

 south of Worcester, the Hex Biver Mountains, and the 

 south-west continuation of the Babylon's Tower range 

 south of Caledon. The mountain ranges with a north- 

 east trend are traversed by a weaker system of north- 

 west folds, and are thereby broken up to a certain ex- 

 tent, especially by the synclines or trough-like folds of 

 Houwhoek and Villiersdorp. The intricate effects of 

 the contest between the two sets of forces, that which 

 produced the Cederberg (north and south) system of 

 folds, and that which produced the Zwartberg (east and 

 west) system, so far as the Caledon and Bredasdorp dis- 

 tricts are concerned, have been described in some detail 

 in a survey publication. 1 



1 G. C., iii., p. 42, etc. 



