52 THE NIEUWERUST SERIES 



pebbles, up to twenty inches in diameter, of reddish 

 quartzitic rocks like certain beds in the Malmesbury 

 series in the neighbourhood. 



It is possible that the Cango, French Hoek and Ibi- 

 quas beds belong to one and the same series, but until 

 fossils have been found in them the question must re- 

 main undecided. Correlation with the northern Pre- 

 Cape formations is of course still more difficult, and at 

 present the question is scarcely worth discussion. 



4. THE NlEUWEEUST SERIES. 1 



At the north end of the Van Ehyn's Dorp Division 

 there is a group of hills which present an appearance 

 strikingly different from that of the granite hills of the 

 north-western part of that Division and the southern 

 end of Namaqualand. These hills are made of arkose, 

 thin conglomerates, quartzites, and hard shales, over 500 

 feet thick near Groot Graafwater and nearly as much in 

 the Flamink and Karree Bergen, the ridges between 

 which the main road to Namaqualand passes twelve 

 miles south of Nieuwerust Post Office. The beds take 

 their name from their occurrence near this place. 



At several places the arkose, or a conglomerate with 

 an arkose matrix, is seen to rest upon a worn surface 

 of gneiss; the arkose is composed of pieces of felspar 

 and quartz, evidently derived from the Namaqualand 

 granite and gneiss, pebbles of which are at places 

 abundant. Those layers of the rock which have much 

 felspar in them are deeply disintegrated and weathered, 

 but where quartz is present in large proportion the rock 



1 G. C., ix., pp. 35-40. 



