PRE-CAPE ROCKS OF THE NORTH OF THE COLONY 59 



kop, Uitspansberg and Prieska Poort. The rocks 

 are very much altered and sometimes contain much 

 tremolite and talc. At Zoet Ylei there are veins of 

 tremolite ('"asbestos") and actinolite in altered basic 

 and ultrabasic rocks. 



The Kaaien Beds. 



The Kaaien beds 1 consist of quartz schists, mica 

 schists, quartzites, and grey granulites; near Kheis 

 there are also some less metamorphosed gritty beds re- 

 sembling rocks in the Malmesbury beds of the south- 

 west. No conglomerates have been found in these beds. 



The northernmost locality at which the Kaaien beds 

 have been recognised is the neighbourhood of Kuie Pan 

 in the extreme west of Kuruman Division, where quartz 

 and mica-schists with a general N. 10 W. strike form 

 a group of outcrops surrounded by red sand. Similar 

 rocks occur at Malanie and Gamotep Pans farther 

 south, and again at Scheurberg (strike N. 20 W.), 

 where they make a remarkable rugged mountain, the 

 peaks of which are strongly contrasted in their outlines 

 to the flat topped or rounded summits of the ranges 

 composed of the massive grits and quartzites of the 

 Matsap series in the same region. 



The Kaaien beds are frequently exposed along the 

 right bank of the Orange Eiver from Upington to just 

 below the Poort through the Langebergen, and on the 

 left bank they make a nearly continuous range of hills 

 stretching from near Upington south-eastwards for 125 



1 G. C., iv., p. 73 ; xiii., p. 15 ; xiv. The name Kaaien beds was first 

 introduced in G. C., xiv. 



