THE KARROO SYSTEM 241 



times. In South Africa and Brazil the two floras in- 

 termingled to some extent, though the Glossopteris 

 was predominant. He favours the view that climatic 

 conditions were responsible for the almost complete 

 disappearance of the lepidodendroid vegetation in the 

 south, and thinks that though the cold climate indicated 

 by the glacial beds may have been an important factor, 

 it is perhaps more likely that the drier continental 

 conditions in the south, then so different from the low- 

 lying swampy countries in which Lepidodendron and its 

 allies lived in Upper Carboniferous times in North 

 America and Europe, determined the issue. 



Recently l Eurydesma globosum and a Conularia have 

 been found in the shales above the Dwyka tillite near 

 the Fish Eiver in German South- West Africa; Eury- 

 desma is a thick-shelled lamellibranch known from 

 Australia 2 and India 3 in association with marine fossils 

 (including Conularia in the Salt Eange) above the boulder- 

 beds of glacial origin. This discovery gives the first in- 

 dication of the position of the sea near South Africa in 

 Dwyka times. 



Lately reptiles allied to those from the Beaufort beds 

 have been discovered in Madagascar. 



The reptiles of the Lower and Middle Beaufort beds 

 are very poorly represented in India by Dicynodon and 

 Ptychosiagum (Lystrosaurus), in the Panchet formation, 

 and those of the Upper Beaufort by Hyperodapedon 



1 Schroeder, H., Jahrb. d. Konigl. Preuss. Geol. Landesanstalt, xxix., 

 Th. i., Hft. 3, 1908, p. 694. 



2 David, T. W. E., Memoirs of the Geol. Survey of New South Wales, 

 Geology, No. 4, 1907. 



3 Koken. E., Centralblatt filr Min., etc., 1904, pp. 97-107. 



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