464 GEOLOGY OF CAPE COLONY 



cracks filled with bright bituminous coal. 1 The fissure 

 at Leeuw River Poort has been proved to be over 300 feet 

 in depth and varies in width from twelve feet downwards. 

 It does not maintain a straight course, but at places 

 runs at a low angle or becomes horizontal. It passes 

 through a few horizontal layers of coal, under an inch 

 thick, in a band of sandstone. The coal in the fissure 

 is remarkably free from ash, an analysis giving only 0*8 

 per cent. The fissure seems to have been produced during 

 the intrusion of the dolerite sheets which occur in the 

 Nieuweveld, and the bituminous coal was probably partly 

 squeezed and partly distilled into it at the same time. 



The coal at Buffet's Kloof, Camdeboo, occurs in a 

 similar manner, and no seam worth working has been 

 met with there. The other reports of coal in the 

 Western Karroo are generally based upon the occurrence 

 of carbonised wood in fragments. 



A thin layer of coal was proved by a well in the 

 Middle Beaufort beds at Ludlow Siding a little north of 

 Rosmead Junction, but the seam is not worth working. 



In the Molteno beds there are numerous outcrops of 

 coal, but the workable seams are restricted to three 

 well-defined horizons. The lowest one is that of the 

 Indwe seam ; to this belong the coals at Indwe, Gala and 

 that near Engcobo, but the seam is only being worked 

 at the first locality. The second horizon is about eighty 

 feet higher and is known as the G-uba seam. It is pre- 

 sent in the Guba Valley near Indwe, at Bushman's 



1 B. J. Dunn, Report on Camdeboo and Nieuweveld Coal, Cape Town, 

 1879 ; Sohwarz, G. C., ii., p. 24 ; and for a similar occurrence in East 

 Griqualand, G. C., vii., p. 16, 



