172 INTRODUCTION TO GENERAL SCIENCE 



e. 1707 : 126-127. Acids, Bases, Neutralization, and Salts. 



/. 1708 : 136-141. Acids, Bases, and Salts. 



g. 1709 : 116-120. The Action of Acids and Bases. 



h. 1711 : 125-127. Acids, Bases, and Salts. 



i. 1512 : 51-59. Acids, Bases, and Salts. 



j. 1713 : 100-101. The New Theory of Acids. 



Experiment 65. Acids, Bases, and Salts Neutraliza- 

 tion. 



Apparatus : Ring stand, asbestos mat, burner, evaporating 

 dish, stirring rod. 



Materials: Sulphuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, 

 all 1-4, ammonium hydrate, sodium hydrate, potassium hy- 

 drate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, hydrogen potas- 

 sium tartrate (cream of tartar), all 10 per cent solutions, blue 

 and red litmus paper, phenolphthalein solution. 



a. Test with blue and red litmus paper the effect of all the 

 materials, using the stirring rod to obtain a drop of each. 

 Rinse the stirring rod in water after each test before making 

 another test. Make a list of your results in two columns; 

 call one red or acid, the other blue or alkaline. 



6. Fill the evaporating dish one third full of sodium hydrate, 

 and add a few drops of phenolphthalein. What color does it 

 become ? Put a piece of blue litmus paper and a piece of red 

 litmus paper on the edge of the dish so that they touch the 

 liquid. Add hydrochloric acid slowly until there is no effect 

 on the red or blue litmus paper. If too much acid is added, 

 add a little more sodium hydrate until there is neutralization. 

 Then boil to dryness. Taste of the result. Do you recognize 

 the taste ? What is it ? 



c. Ask your teacher for a few pieces of litmus paper to take 

 home. Test sour milk, add baking soda, and test "again. 

 Conclusions ? Test vinegar, washing soda, and soaps. 



