FUNGI, RUSTS, MUSHROOMS, ETC. 243 



Experiment 81. Sources of Alcohol. 



Apparatus: Same as in Experiment 17, six 6" X 8" battery 

 jars. 



Materials: Grape sugar, molasses, apples, potatoes, rice, 

 beets, starch, grape juice, corn stalks, yeast cakes. 



a. Make dilute solutions of the sugar and molasses and 

 pastes, thinned in water, called mashes, of as many of the other 

 materials as can be obtained. Add an amount of yeast, or 

 yeast sponge, equal to about 10 per cent cf the mash, in each 

 case. Warm gently to 70 F., and allow fermentation to 

 take place for twenty-four hours. 



6. Distill at a temperature of 180 F., and burn the alcohol. 

 Judging from your own experience, which material produces 

 the most alcohol? 



176. LOWER FORMS OF PLANT LIFE FUNGI, RUSTS, 

 MUSHROOMS, ETC. 



Many of these lower forms of plant life are not supplied 

 with chlorophyll and cannot produce their own food. Thus 

 they must become parasites and depend upon other plants 

 and trees for their support. They may be considered as 

 reducing the amount of organic matter, and not increasing 

 it. Saprophytes are useful in hastening the decay of dead 

 vegetable matter. 



References : 



1. 1407 : 227. . The Fungi and What They Are. 



2 1503 : 159-166. Fungi, Parasites, Saprophytes. 



3. 1605 : 250-254. Fungus Diseases Scab, Smut, and Rust. 



4. Farmers' Bulletin No. 204. Cultivation of Mushrooms. 



5. Farmers' Bulletin No. 243. Fungicides. 

 a. 1401:274-277. Fungi. 



