M VTEEIALB U8KD IX MACHINE COX8TBUCTIOX 



lien grey cast iron is melted a portion 

 fret, carbon confine. chemically * 

 however, sepnr is allowed to cool 



combination. and A whiter and 



ip is taken of thi 

 . process the whole or a \> 

 in.Hil.l h, being a compara 1 



.at. . hilU a porti- melted roeUl 



-. a depth 

 the cast-inm lining' 

 >t U painted 

 lota 



IM* Co* /rDM.-This b prepare! .Aiding a 



powdered red hematite (an iron), and 



keeping it at a d heat for a length of time v.> 



from several hours to several days according to the sue of the 



4. By this process a portion of the carbon in the cast- 



ing is rem tin- -T- i toughness of the latter 



become more like the strength and toughness of wrought or 



Wrought or MtilkabU Iron. This is nearly pure iron, and 

 is made from cast iron by the puddling process, which consists 



he cast iron to a 



reverl turnace in the presence of air, whi h unit< with 



them i passes off as gas. In other w. 



is hurmil out. T ; Mlin^ 



soft spongy masses called bloom*, *hi. h .uv subjected 

 to a process of |' : -al!.il Jn. 



These shingled blooms still com ugh heat to > 



; _-h fiddled ban. These | 



bars are > / less than h. 



strength of good wr< ..-d bars nn- mt int.. 



pieces which are piled together, reheated, and again rolled 



rail.-. I m., ,},,! ,,t /,<i/>. Tina process of 



tilling may be repeated several tames, 



depending ou th- <|iml it v .t ired I'p to a certain 



iron is improved )>y reheating and 



