The Supply and Uses of Water 



199 



should be considered with respect to these points : first, the 

 location of the water supply with reference to the surface and 

 the underground or subsoil drainage ; and second, the disposal 

 of waste matter such as sewage, refuse, and the like. The 

 second point will be considered 

 under the topic of sewage dis- 

 posal (pages 210 ff.). 



In regard to the first point, 

 there are three general situ- 

 ations in which a well may be 

 located. Examine the dia- 

 gram of Fig. 59 II . This shows 

 the surface drainage sloping 

 away from the well. This is 

 necessary in order to avoid any 

 possibility of pollution of the 

 water by surface waters. But 

 the subsoil drainage is toward 

 the well. This clearly in- 

 creases the danger of the water 



FIG. 59. Locating a surface well. 

 I. Surface drainage bad ; subsoil drain- 

 age bad. II. Surface drainage good; 

 subsoil drainage bad. III. Surface 

 drainage good ; subdrainage good. H, 

 house ; W, well ; B, barn ; C, cesspool. 



being contaminated by surface 

 waters that reach the subsoil 

 in the vicinity of the well. 

 Obviously such a location is 

 not satisfactory. 



In the diagram of Fig 59 I, the well is so located as to be 

 exposed to the drainage from the house, cesspool, barn, and 

 other outbuildings. The subsoil drainage is bad, though it 

 slopes away from the well in one direction. But the water 

 is in danger of contamination by the surface waters that 

 come from the cesspool and compost accumulations in the 

 barnyard. Is this location better or worse than that described 

 in Fig. 59 II ? 



Now examine the diagram of Fig. 59 III. In this the soil 

 and subsoil drainage is away from the well. This represents 



