LIFE 



53* 



Coast. The former had its connections eastward with Portugal 

 and the Mediterranean region; the latter, northward and westward 

 with Asia and Russia, though the boreal element is less conspicuous 

 in the upper part (Horsetown). No species common to the two 

 provinces is known. The decline of the boreal aspect of the western 



FL'. 450. FOSSILS FROM THE SHASTAN SERIES (chiefly Knoxville). a-c, Cepha- 

 lopods: a, Lyloccras /><;/<. \7; Trask; b, Phylloc<-rns knoxmttensii Stanton; c, Hnplitcs 

 angulalus Stanton. d-h, Gastropods: d, Aslrcsius linitus Gabb; e,Ambcrlc\a dillcri 

 Stanton; /, Ccrilhium paskentaensit Stanton; g, II ypsi pleura gregaria Stanton; h, 

 Turbo moyoneiisis Stanton. i-q, Pclecypods: i, Peclcn complcxicosla Gabb; j, 

 Corbiila (?) pcrsidcata Stanton; k and /, Aucclla piochii var. orala Gabb; m, A. 

 crassicitllis Kcyscrlin^; it, Astiirtc calif ornica Stanton; 0, Area tch<im<if>isis Stanton; 

 p. \nmlii slorrsi Stanton; q, Leda glabra Stanton; r, Rhymlionclla U'hitneyi (.abb, 

 a brachiopod. (After Stanton.) 



fauna may have been due to the closing of Bering Strait, thus shut- 

 ting off cold currents from the Arctic. 1 The Comanchean faunas 

 are said to represent three distinct facies, the reef facies, most con- 

 spicuous, the littoral, and the deeper water facies. 

 1 Stanton, Jour. Geol., Vol. XVII. 



