90 THE LANDED INTEREST. 



required. But labourers in the southern counties 

 have been unable to pay more than is. or 2s. 

 out of their weekly wages, so that the land- 

 owner who lets good cottages at that rent is 

 really paying also 2s. or 33. a week towards 

 the wages of his farmer's labourers. By this, 

 all the parties are misled. The landowner's 

 duty to his estate is to provide it with all 

 permanent buildings required for its proper cul- 

 tivation. He must do so if he cultivates the 

 land himself, and he ought equally to do so if 

 he lets it to be cultivated by another. The 

 farmer, whether landowner or tenant, must then 

 furnish the farm with " the plant," the live and 

 dead stock necessary for its cultivation. Both 

 parties are entitled to look for a return for their 

 investment ; the landowner's safe and improving 

 capital yielding him a smaller annual return 

 than the farmer's, which is liable to the vicissi- 

 tudes of seasons, and wear and tear, and must 

 also cover his personal industry and skill. The 

 labourers' dwellings are as indispensable as the 

 stables and barns, and no arable farm can be 

 said to be complete which has not the command 



