NO EMIGRATION. 109 



furniture, &c., as there are, comparatively speaking, but 

 few in the country, and none much below the head of Lake 

 Ontario, of walnut. Nor would I recommend wasting fine 

 straight white oak that is growing near any water commu 

 nication, as it is valuable for staves, &c. And the sugar 

 maple tree, if growing in what is called bushes, that is a 

 number together, should never be wantonly destroyed, as 

 it is a useful and valuable appendage to a farm. If the 

 above system be adopted, there will be but very little plough 

 ing the first few years, and only one yoke of oxen be re 

 quired. But should it be thought prudent to clear all the 

 timber off the land at once, it should always, as much as 

 possible, be sown the first or second year with clover, or 

 clover and grass seeds, to lay until the stumps are rotten 

 before being ploughed ; when fire should be put into each 

 stump, and the greater part will burn up. Near towns and 

 villages, almost all kind of wood is valuable as cord wood 

 for fuel, and when drawn in, sold at from 6s. 9d. to 9s. or 

 10s. per cord. Good pine, growing near a lake, or river com 

 municating with one, is becoming valuable. Near the Otter 

 Creeks, land can be had cleared for the pines growing thereon. 

 I have sometimes heard it asserted in this country, that 

 a farm cannot be cultivated to a profit in America, if the 

 whole of the labour done on it be hired, which I am con 

 fident is erroneous. That some are not, in the way they 

 are managed, I readily admit; but that, under judicious 

 management, they cannot be, my little experience con 

 vinces me of the contrary. To make it intelligible, I will 

 state the whole hired expenses, and the value of the pro 

 duce of a small farm for a year ; and if it can be proved 

 that a profit, however small, may be made on the cultivation 

 of seventy acres only, of cleared land, when the labour is all 

 hired, it will appear evident that a worthy farmer and two 

 or three sons doing all, or only part of this work, must be 

 improving his circumstances, and that a larger farm may be 

 managed to a proportionate profit. A farm of good land 

 can be purchased on, or about Talbot Street, or almost anv 

 where in the western part of the province, and the back 

 settlements of the middle parts, at from 2j dollars (11s. 3d.) 

 to 5 dollars (22s. Qd.) per acre, and at but a moderate 

 advance, exclusive of buildings, according to situation, &c., 

 in any part of the province. I have calculated the state 

 ment in dollars at 4s. 6d. sterling. 



