APPENDIX. 



No. 1. OBSERVATIONS. 



UPPER CANADA, or that part between the great Lake, is in length 

 from the line that divides it at Lancaster from Lower Canada on 

 the north east, to Sandwich, south west, 500 miles, and its mean 

 breadth, 140; containing 70,000 square miles, or 45,000,000 

 of acres of land. It is divided into ten districts, and in 1809 a 

 law was enacted establishing a school in each district, in which 

 the classics and mathematics are taught, the teacher to have a 

 salary of 1 OOZ. ; there were eight established in 1810, others since; 

 besides in 1816 common schools in every township, whose teachers 

 I believe are each allowed a salary of fifty dollars from govern 

 ment, and what they can get from those parents sending children 

 to them : these latter schools are very beneficial. A charter and 

 funds have been granted by the home government for the erec 

 tion of a college in York, for the education of the youth of the 

 province; there is thus every chance of procuring as good an 

 education here, and at much less expense, than in England. 



No country is naturally better adapted for water carriage than 

 Upper Canada, and should the canals now in contemplation be 

 carried into effect, there would be no country of the same extent 

 equal to it in water communications, in the world. The follow 

 ing is a summary of particulars connected with the 



WESTERN LAKES. 



Name. Length. Width. Depth. Elevation. Above what place. 



Ontario 180 miles 40 miles 500 feet 218 feet Three rivers 



Erie 270 80 200 566 Albany 



Huron 250 100 900 570 Tide Water 



Michigan 400 50 Unknown Same as Huron 



Green Bay 105 50 



Superior 480 109 900 1048 Tide Water. 



The whole of these proposed canals would not, I believe, 

 be in anywise equal in length, though of greater magnitude, to 

 those in the state of New York only. The Welland Canal, which 

 is to unite Lake Ontario with Lake Erie, to avoid the falls, is to 

 be opened in the spring of 1 30. Its course is placed at a distance 

 from the Lines, to avoid interruption in case of a war, and enters 

 Lake Erie high enough to have three weeks advantage of Buf- 

 faloe, in opening the navigation in the spring the latter place 

 being blocked up so long by the masses of floating ice getting 

 jammed in the narrows and shallows at the bottom of the lake, 



