CHAPTER X 



DIRECTOR-GENERAL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 



BEFORE we follow the subject of this biography in his 

 new sphere of duty and responsibility it will be of 

 advantage to look for a moment at the state of the 

 Survey when he was called to be the head of it. He 

 was no longer to be immediately responsible for 

 the personal supervision of the field-work. It is 

 interesting, therefore, to consider in what condition he 

 left the mapping in England and Wales, and how far 

 the Survey had advanced in Scotland and Ireland, 

 which were now to be under his jurisdiction. 



In England and Wales the only untouched tracts 

 were Norfolk and Suffolk, with portions of Essex and 

 Cambridgeshire, the greater part of Lincolnshire and 

 Yorkshire, and the north-western portion of Cumber 

 land and Northumberland. The field-work was being 

 pushed forward in the six northern counties, Northum 

 berland, Durham, Cumberland, Westmoreland, York- 

 shire, and Lancashire. A group of surveyors was 

 busy in Lincolnshire, Nottinghamshire, and Leicester 

 shire, and another in Essex, Hertfordshire, and parts 

 of the home-counties. As for some years past all the 

 surface-geology had been traced upon the maps as well as 

 the outcrops of the older works underneath, a consider 

 able part of England had now been surveyed for Drift. 



