CONTENTS. vii 



CHAPTER XVIII. 



FROM SHEPODY BAY TO THE BUTTERNUT RIDGE. 



Coal of the Memramcook. Shepody Bay. Its scenery and marsh 

 lands. High cliffs of gypsum. Mineral bitumen, bed of, in 

 the coal-measures. Origin of this bitumen, and its use in the 

 manufacture of gas. Conglomerate hills. Shad-fishery. 

 Maple-sugar manufacture. Evils of lumbering. Mixed oxen 

 and horses in farm-labour. New Horton Settlement. Pro 

 spects of coal in New Brunswick. Mists of the bay, their 

 influence in rusting the wheat. Annexation feeling. Tradi 

 tionary recollections of the descendants of American loyalists. 

 Marsh-lands of the Petitcodiac River. French Acadians and 

 old Dutch settlers. Dutch names. Poorer lands of the poorer 

 Irish. Flat grey-sandstone country. Windfalls and the elec 

 tric telegraph. Butternut Ridge. Relation of soils to geolo 

 gical structure. Miserable quarters, . . .92 



CHAPTER XIX. 



BUTTERNUT RIDGE TO ST ANDREWS. 



Butternut tree on calcareous soils. What land is poor in a new 

 country. Windfalls. Smith s Creek. Circumstances deter 

 mine the direction of agricultural progress. Difficult bridge. 

 Remarkable gypsum pits in Sussex Vale. Trees gi-owing on 

 pure gypsum. New Jersey loyalists. Change within sixty 

 years. Causeless grumblings in this province. Fall of snow 

 attended by a purple sky. Clearness of the moonlight. Mil 

 dew on tidal rivers. Buckwheat bran in feeding. Good red 

 land. Scenery on the Hammond river. General geological 

 structure of the country. Imaginary section. Interesting rela 

 tion of its soils to its rocks. Sceneiy on Loch Lomond. An- 

 nexationists in St John. Complaints and distress in Maine. 

 Comparative condition of the State of Maine and the province 

 of New Brunswick. Musquash marshes. Value of farms. 

 Plague of grubs. A contented Irishman. Sectarian fights at 

 St John. Darkness of moonless nights. Town of St George. 

 Up the Macadavic River. L Etang Harbour. Drive to St 

 Andrews, . . . . . . .115 



CHAPTER XX. 



ST ANDREWS TO FREDERICTON. 



ToAvn of St Andrews, its trade, climate, and prevailing winds. 

 Effects of spring frosts. Character of Charlotte County. Bad 



