CHAPTEK XVIII. 



Coal of theMemramcook Eiver. Hopewell. Shcpody Bay. Its scenery 

 and marsh-lands. Produce and market-price of this land. Caves in 

 the red-sandstone conglomerate. High cliffs of gypsum. Little value 

 placed upon them. Export to the United States. Mineral bitumen. 

 Valuable bed of it among the coal-measures. Use of the pitch of 

 Trinidad in the manufacture of gas. Origin of this bitumen. Con 

 glomerate hills. Shepody Marshes. Shad-fishery followed by the 

 farmers. Fisheries of the Bay de Chaleur. Maple- sugar manufac 

 ture. Evils of lumbering here. Comparative profit of oxen and 

 horses in farm-labour. It is a question of mixed labour. Mixed 

 teams. ISTew Horton Settlement. Worst farming on the best land. 

 Green swampy valley. Thin seam of coal. Prospects of coal in 

 New Brunswick. Influence of the mists of the bay in rusting the 

 wheat. Annexation feeling on Shepody Bay. Influence of tradi 

 tionary recollections on the descendants of the Amei-icau loyalists. 

 Popular complaints no measure of popular grievances. Marsh-lands 

 of the Petitcodiac. French Acadians on the Meniramcook. Their 

 Dutch successors on the Petitcodiac. Dutch names. Poorer land of 

 the poorer Irish. Land-speculators, their influence in causing emi 

 gration fevers. Poor, flat, grey-sandstone country south of the Petit 

 codiac. Windfalls breaking the wires of the electric telegraph. 

 Butternut Ridge. Kelation of the soils to the geological structure. 

 Miserable quarters. 



MONDAY, Oct. 29. On our arrival In this quarter, we 

 learned that, four miles above Dorchester, on the Meni 

 ramcook Kiver, a bed of so-called coal, 4 feet in thick 

 ness, had recently been worked into, and a considerable 

 quantity brought to day. As this was the thickest and 

 most promising bed of combustible substance we had yet 

 met with in the province, Dr Kobb, one of my travelling 



