150 TOWN OF ST ANDREWS. 



small town, of two or three thousand inhabitants, clean, 

 healthy, regularly laid out, with some good streets and 

 some handsome buildings. Its lower part is situated on 

 the banks of the river ; but its cross- streets and higher 

 part ascend a gently sloping red-sandstone hill, the sum 

 mit of which commands an extensive view of the river 

 and bay, and of the shores of the State of Maine beyond. 

 It is a quiet place, apparently prosperous, but without 

 any of the bustle of much trade or of rapid progress. It 

 carried on a large traffic with the West India Islands 

 before those colonies met with their late reverses, and 

 before the lumber-trade to these islands was thrown open 

 to the United States. Since the latter period, this trade, 

 partly from the want of back-freights to provincial ports, 

 is said to have fallen very much into the hands of the 

 American shippers, and the colonial ports to have suffered 

 in proportion.* Another cause of diminished prosperity 

 to this place is the springing up of a rival town in St 

 Stephens, fifteen miles up the river, and at the head of 

 tide-water. A similar effect to that which the deepening 

 of the Scottish river Clyde so as to bring large ships up 

 to Glasgow has had on the commerce of Greenock and 

 Port-Glasgow, has been exercised on the progress of St 

 Andrews by the building of St Stephens at the head of 

 tide-water, in the immediate neighbourhood of the saw 

 mills upon the St Croix, and where only a bridge sepa 

 rates New Brunswick from the State of Maine. 



This promontory of St Andrews consists of red sand 

 stones and marls, traversed by trap-dykes, proceeding 

 most probably from Chamcook Mountain as their centre. 

 The land is of a red colour, and, though frequently stony 

 and expensive to clear, is naturally fertile, and capable 

 of bearing good crops. There are no fogs here to inter 

 fere with the healthy growth of the crops, or with the 



* Yet the city of Portland in Maine is said to have declined greatly 

 from the failure of the same trade. 



