FORMATIONS AND SOILS OF GEORGIA. 225 



the influx of northern lumberers, skilled in the business, 

 to this southern region. 



The hopes of the speculators are said not to have been 

 hitherto realised ; but the barrens have by their exer 

 tions been made to yield a large supply of valuable 

 articles of export, and which it will continue to do for 

 many years to come. Thus the State of Georgia has so 

 far benefited by their exertions. 



It may be interesting to the reader, while on the sub 

 ject of these pine-barrens of Georgia, to obtain an idea 

 of their position in reference to the coast-line, and to the 

 other lands in this State. The following section shows 

 that position, while it exhibits, at the same time, another 

 very beautiful example of the relations of geology to 

 agricultural capability ; how the existence of swamp, 

 sandy barren, and open prairie in different localities is 

 explained, and where, the geology being known, the pro 

 bable occurrence of each may be predicted. 



Broad-leaved 



Chalk downs, or forests, 



treeless prairies, 

 producing Georgian 

 Sandy barrens wheat. 



Cotton, rice, 

 and sugar. 



Sea. Alluvial. Tertiary sands. Chalk marl. Metamorpliic rocks 



and granite. 



Next the sea we have the alluvial flats a border of 

 twenty miles or thereby in breadth forming rich soils, 

 from which unwholesome exhalations rise, and on which 

 grow the sea-island cotton, the rice, and the sugar. This 

 is succeeded by a sandy terrace, elevated perhaps fifteen 

 feet above the alluvial flats and swamps, forming the 

 pine-barrens unprofitable to cultivate, but covered witli 

 natural forests of valuable red pine. Then, rising 

 another step, we are upon the chalk marls, which form 



VOL. ii. r 



