NOVUM OROANUM 123 



when boiled, and bread becomes burned and brown as if 

 toasted. 



25. Aromatic substances and warm plants, as the dracun- 

 culus [arum], old nasturtium, etc., which, though they be 

 not warm to the touch (whether whole or pulverized), yet 

 are discovered by the tongue and palate to be warm and 

 almost burning when slightly masticated. 



26. Strong vinegar and all acids, on any part of the body 

 not clothed with the epidermis, as the eye, tongue, or any 

 wounded part, or where the skin is removed, excite a pain 

 differing but little from that produced by heat. 



27. Even a severe and intense cold produces a sensation 

 of burning. 18 



&quot;Nee Boreae penetrabile frigus adurit. * 



28. Other instances. 



We are wont to call this a table of existence and presence. 



XII. We must next present to the understanding in 

 stances which do not admit of the given nature, for form (as 

 we have observed) ought no less to be absent where the 

 given nature is absent, than to be present where it is pres 

 ent. If, however, we were to examine every instance, our 

 labor would be infinite. 



Negatives, therefore, must be classed under the affirma 

 tives, and the want of the given nature must be inquired 

 into more particularly in objects which have a very close 

 connection with those others in which it is present and mani 

 fest. And this we are wont to term a table of deviation or 

 of absence in proximity. 



13 &quot;Ne tenues pluvise, rapidive potentia solis 

 Acrior, aut Boreae penetrabile frigus adurat. &quot; 



Virg. Georg. i. 92, 93. 



SCIENCE Vol. 236 



