G4 FARMING IN THE WESTERN STATES. 



nia would have been impossible; the trade in hides and tallow 

 having brought in the settlers by- whom the gold discovery was 

 made. 



The accumulation of wealth by the fathers wag enormous. 

 According to Rev. Walter Colton, chaplain of the U. S. chip 

 Congress, the first Protestant clergyman that resided in Califor 

 nia, in 1825, the Mission of San Francisco owned 76,000 head 

 of cattle; 950 tame horses; 2,000 breeding mares; 84 stud of 

 choice breed; 820 mules; 79,000 sheep; 2,000 hogs, and 456 

 yoke of working oxen. 



The Santa Clara Mission had 74,280 cattle; 407 yoke of work 

 ing oxen; 82,540 sheep; 1,890 horses, broken to saddle; 4,235 

 breeding mares; 725 mules, and 1,000 hogs. This mission, in 

 the year 1823, branded 22,400 calves, as the increase of that 

 year. 



The Mission of San Jose had 62,000 cattle; 840 broken 

 horses; 1,500 mares; 420-mules; 310 yoke of working oxen, and 

 62,000 sheep. 



The Mission of San Juan Bautista, as early as 1820, owned 

 43,870 cattle; 1,360 tame horses; 4,870 mares and colts, and 

 96,500 sheep. 



The San Carlos Mission, in 1825, had 84,600 cattle; 1,800 

 horses and mares; 365 yoke of working oxen, and 7,500 sheep. 



The Soledad Mission, in 1826, owned 36,000 head of cattle; 

 a larger number of horses and mares than any other mission ; 

 70,000 sheep, and 300 yoke of oxen. 



The Mission of San Antonio, in 1822, had 52,800 head of 

 cattle; 1,800 tame horses; 3,000 mares; 500 yoke of oxen; 600 

 mules; 48,000 sheep, and 1,000 hogs. 



The San Miguel Mission, in 1821, had 91,000 cattle; 1,100 

 tame horses; 3,000 mares; 2,000 mules; 170 yoke of oxen, and 

 74,000 sheep. 



The Mission of San Luis Obispo had 84,000 cattle; 2,000 

 tame horses; 3,500 mares; 3,700 mules; and 72,000 sheep. One 

 of the fathers of this mission took one hundred thousand dol 

 lars with him when he left for Spain, in 1828. 



All the other missions were equally rich in stock; while the 

 specie in the coffers of the fathers, and the value of the gold 

 and silver ornaments of the churches, exceeded half a million 

 of dollars. 



When John Gilroy, the first permanent home-maker, settled 



