OBJECTS TO BE ATTAINED. 197 



the appropriate and bountiful emblems that adorn its outer walls. 

 In this exigency, the entire Agricultural Department is forced into 

 the limited space of the north half of the basement of this splendid 

 structure, thus placing in a subordinate position, which it was never 

 intended to occupy, what should be the most prominent department 

 of the State University. 



We find that a building containing an Assembly Hall, Museum, 

 etc,, can be erected of wood at a cost of one hundred and fifty thou 

 sand dollars; of brick, with granite facings, two hundred and fifty- 

 six thousand dollars. The labor of students can be utilized in the 

 construction of this and other needed edifices, and deserving young 

 men can in this way be aided in paying a part at least of the ex 

 penses of their education. Suitable dwellings should at once be 

 erected for the accommodation of the professors and club houses 

 for the students upon the &quot;University grounds, for which a moderate 

 rent might be charged. At present, both professors and students 

 are compelled to live at Oakland, five miles distant, or to provide 

 themselves accommodations in the yet sparsely-settled neighbor 

 hood of Berkeley, at an expense greater than their means will jus 

 tify. The entire energies of the University body should be concen 

 trated in and around its scholastic home. 



In conclusion, we would repeat that it is not now our object to un 

 dervalue what has been so well done in the erection of buildings, of 

 which the State may be justly proud; in the opening of the doors of 

 the University to both sexes; in making its instruction in all depart 

 ments free; in organizing the Military Department and Labor Corps; 

 and in securing a Faculty of zealous and able men. But, believing 

 that the first and highest employment of men is to feed, shelter, and 

 clothe the world, we ask that the graduates of our industrial col 

 leges may be &quot;peers of scholars in mental culture, and peers of 

 laborers in manual skill and physical development.&quot; 



The relations of labor to study are admirably stated in the report 

 of the Missouri University. &quot;The pupil must study till he knows 

 what should be done, why it should be done, and how. When this 

 is done, the intellectual division of labor is finished. The pupil must 

 labor till he can do work in the farm and shop with skill; then the 

 manual division *of an industrial education is finished. In agricult 

 ure, he should thus learn whatever is done on the farm, in the gar 

 den, orchard and nursery. If it is asked: Who shall direct the 

 labors of the pupils? we answer: The teacher of the principles 

 put in practice, that useless and impracticable theories may not be 

 introduced/&quot; Agriculture is far from being an exact science, and 

 its conditions on this coast are peculiar. We ask that our University 

 be made useful to the largest number of our citizens, by accurate 

 annual reports of work done, experiments made, and results arrived 

 at. Agriculture, in its various departments, should be so taught 

 and practiced in our University as to send forth scientific farmers, 

 whose labor and skill can utilize the soil and develop its greatest re 

 sources, while the mechanical department should graduate learned 

 and skilled mechanics, who shall add dignity and worth to labor; 

 and it is the earnest desire and purpose of agriculturists and me 

 chanics of this State to make these great departments of industry 



