490 KOVUM ORGANU?!. [BOOK IL 



has some relation or agreement with the fixed common -places ; in 

 the third, words which fall into a verse : and thus infinity is 

 divided off. Other instances will offer another species, namely, 

 that whatever brings the intellect into contact with something 

 that strikes the sense (the principal point of artificial memory), 

 assists the memory. Others again offer another species, namely, 

 whatever excites an impression by any powerful passion, as fear, 

 wonder, shame, delight, assists the memory. Other instances 

 will afford another species : thus those impressions remain most 

 fixed in the memory which are taken frooi ike mind when clear 

 and least occupied by preceding or Stirc&Aui Ag notions, such as 

 the things we learn in childhood, or imagine before sleep, and 

 the first time of any circumstance happening. Other instances 

 afford the following species : namely, that a multitude of circum 

 stances or handles assist the memory, such as writing in para 

 graphs, reading aloud, or recitation. Lastly, other instances 

 afford still another species : thus the things we anticipate, and 

 which rouse our attention, are more easily remembered than 

 transient events ; as if you read any work twenty times over, 

 you will not learn it by heart so readily as if you were to read it 

 but ten times, trying each time to repeat it, and when your 

 memory fails you looking into the book. There are, therefore, 

 six lesser forms, as it were, of things which assist the memory : 

 namely 1, the separation of infinity ; 2, the connection of the 

 mind with the senses ; 3, t he impression in strong passion ; 

 4, the impression on the mind when pure ; 6, the multitude of 

 handles ; 6, anticipation. 



Again, for example s sake, let the required nature be taste or 

 the power ot tasting. The following instances are constitutive : 

 I. Those who do not smell, but are deprived by nature of that 

 sense, do not perceive or distinguish rancid or putrid food by 

 their taste, nor garlic from roses, and the like. 2. Again, those 

 whose nostrils are obstructed by accident (such as a cold) do not 

 distinguish any putrid or rancid matter from anything sprinkled 

 with rose-water. 3. If those who suffer from a cold blow their 

 noses violently at the very moment in which they have anything 

 fetid or perfumed in their mouth, or on their palate, they instantly 

 have a clear perception of the fetor or perfume. These instances 

 jifford and constitute this species or division of taste, namely, 

 that it is in part nothing else than an internal smelling, passing 

 and descending through the upper passages of the nostrils to the 

 mouth and palate. But, on the other hand, those whose power 

 of smelling is deficient or obstructed, perceive what is salt, 

 sweet, pungent, acid, rough, and bitter, and the like, as well as 

 any one else : so that the taste is clearly something compounded 

 of the internal smelling, and an exquisite species of touch which 

 we will not here discuss. 



