OF THE BUREAU OF ETHNOLOGY. XLIII 



makes judicious comparisons between the people observed and 

 the eastern division of the same race, including the Eskimo of 

 Greenland, and also between all the American divisions and 

 those of Siberia. These comparisons were made possible by 

 his extensive reading and by his study of former collections 

 deposited in the United States National Museum. 



The ample illustrations of the text, 428 in number, are nearly 

 all sketched or photographed from the articles brought to Wash 

 ington by the expedition, and show in connection with them 

 the numbers attached to those articles as now deposited and 

 displayed in the National Museum. Thus the opportunity for 

 verification and for further examination is proffered. The 

 topics discussed are so many and varied that they can not be 

 recapitulated here with advantage. An examination of the 

 table of contents will be more satisfactory and useful. Such 

 examination will invite the study of the paper, which will 

 prove to be a compendium of all that is noteworthy about a 

 body of peculiar people who have lately been included among 

 the inhabitants of the United States. 



THE MEDICINE-MEN OF THE APACHE, BY JOHN G. BOURKE, CAP 

 TAIN THIRD CAVALRY, U. S. ARMY. 



Notwithstanding the length of time, nearly three centuries, 

 during which Europeans have been in contact with the Indian 

 tribes of North America, wholly erroneous ideas of their the 

 ology have prevailed and are still entertained. The popular 

 conception of their religious belief, which has been ascribed to 

 all the tribes of the continent, is that it was substantially mono 

 theistic, a grade of theology connected with the higher civil 

 izations and never appearing in the stages of savagery or bar 

 barism, beyond which no Indian tribe had advanced at the 

 European discovery of America. Captain Bourke recognizes 

 this fact, and believes that the misconception has been disas 

 trous in its influence upon the national treatment of the Indian 

 tribes. The special influence to be considered and combated 

 is that of the &quot; medicine-man,&quot; a title for which that of shaman 

 might have been substituted with advantage. The form of 



