MURDOCH.] SOCIAL SURROUNDINGS OTHER KSKIMO. 47 



delta, parties of whom spent the summers of 1869 and 1870 with him. 

 From these parties he appears to have obtained the greater part of the 

 information embodied in his Monographic and Vocabulaire, as he ex 

 plicitly states that he brought the last party to Fort Good Hope 

 &quot;autaut pour les instruire a loisir que pour apprendre d eux leur 

 idioine.&quot; Nothing seems to me more probable than that he learned 

 from these Mackenzie people the names of their neighbors oi the Ander 

 son, which he had failed to obtain in his flying visits 5 years before, and 

 that it is the same name, &quot;KufmuVdllii,&quot; which we have followed from 

 Norton Sound and found always applied to the people just beyond us. 

 Could we learn the meaning of this word the question might be settled, 

 but the only possible derivation I can see for it is from the Greenlandic 

 KariuaK, a wall, which throws no light upon the subject. Petitot calls 

 the people of Cape Bathurst K/;agmaliveit, which appears to mean 

 &quot; the real Kufimu dllfi &quot; (&quot; Kunmu dlln&quot; and the affix -vik, &quot; the real&quot;). 



The Kupiinmiun appear to inhabit the permanent villages which have 

 been seen near the western mouth of the Mackenzie, at Shingle Point 2 

 and Point Sabine, 3 with an outlying village, supposed to be deserted, at 

 Point Kay. 4 They are the natives described by Petitot in his Mono 

 graphic as the Tajoeo,meiit division of the Tchiglit, to whom, from the 

 reasons already stated, most of his account seems to apply. There ap 

 pears to me no reasonable doubt, considering his opportunities for ob 

 serving these people, that Ta/&amp;gt;eo/&amp;gt;meut, &quot; those who dwell by the sea,&quot; 

 is the name that they actually apply to themselves, and that Kupiinmiiin, 

 or Kopagnmt, &quot;those who live on the Great River,&quot; is a name bestowed 

 upon them by their neighbors, perhaps their western neighbors alone, 

 since all the references to this name seem to be traceable to the author 

 ity of Dr. Simpson. Should they apply to themselves a name of similar 

 meaning, it would probably be of a different form, as, according to 

 Petitot, 5 they call the Mackenzie Ku/A r ik, instead of Kupuk or Kupun. 



These are the people who visit Fort Macpherson every spring and 

 summer, 6 and are well known to the Hudson Bay traders as the Mac 

 kenzie River Eskimo. They are the Eskimo encountered between Her- 

 schel Island and the mouth of the Mackenzie by Franklin, by Dease and 

 Simpson, and by Hooper and Pulleii, all of whom have published brief 

 notes concerning them. 7 



We are still somewhat at a loss for the proper local names of the last 



Bull. Soc. de Geog., 6* ser., vol. 10, p. 39. 



* T. Simpson, Narrative, p. 112. 



1 Hooper, Tents, etc., p. 264. 



Ibid. p. 263. 



Bull. Soc. de Geog., 6 ser., vol. 10, p. 1H2. 



6 Petitot, Monographic, etc., pp. xvi and xx, 



Franklin, 2d Exp., pp. 99-101, 105-110, 114-119 and 128; T. Simpson, Narrative, pp. 104-112; Hooper, 

 Tents, etc., pp. 263-264. There is also a brief note by the Rev. W. W.Kirkby, in a &quot;Journey to the 

 Youcau.&quot; Smithsonian Report for 1864. These, with Petitot s in many respects admirable Mono- 

 ^nipliie, comprise all the information regarding these people frnm actual observation that lias been pub 

 lished, liirhardson has described them at second hand in his &quot;^searching Expedition&quot; and &quot;Polar 

 Kegions.&quot; The &quot;Kopagnmte &quot; of Petroff (Report, etc., p. 125) are a purely hypothetical people in 

 vented to till the space between &quot;the coast people in the north and the Athabascans in the south.&quot; 



