110 



THE POINT BARROW ESKIMO. 



having the flesh side colored red, 1 while American-dressed skins are 

 worked soft and rubbed with chalk or gypsum, giving a beautiful 

 white surface like pipe-clayed leather. 



The skins of the white mountain sheep, white and blue fox, wolf, dog, 

 ermine, and lynx are sometimes used for clothing, and under jackets 

 made of eider duck skins are rarely used. Sealskin dressed with the 

 hair on is used only for breeches and boots, and for those rarely. Black 

 dressed sealskin that is, with the epidermis left on and the hair shaved 



oft is used for waterproof boots, while the 

 white sealskin, tanned in urine, with the epi 

 dermis removed, is used for the soles of winter 

 boots. Waterproof boot soles are made of oil- 

 dressed skins of the white whale, bearded seal, 

 walrus, or polar bear. The last material is not 

 usually mentioned as serving for sole leather 

 among the Eskimo. Nordenskiold, 2 however, 

 found it in use among the Chukches for this 

 purpose. It is considered an excellent ma 

 terial for soles at Point Burrow, and is some 

 times used to make boat covers, which are 

 beautifully white. Heavy mittens for the win 

 ter are, made of the fur of the polar bear or of 

 dogskin. Waterproof outer frocks are of seal 

 entrails, split and dried and sewed together. 

 For trimmings are used deerskin of different 

 colors, mountain-sheep skin, and black and 

 white sealskin, wolf, wolverine, and marten 

 fur, and whole ermine skins, as well as red 

 worsted, and occasionally beads. 



STYLE OF DRESS. 



Dr. Simpson 3 gave an excellent general de 

 scription of the dress of these people, which is 



KK.. r.l.-Man in ordinary deer- t ] R , s . l)lle .^ fl le present day. While the SUllIC 



in general pattern as that worn by all other 



Eskimo, it differs iii many details from that worn by the eastern Eskimo, 4 

 and most closely resembles the style in vogue at and near Norton Sound. 5 

 The man s dress (Fig. 51, from a photograph of Apaidyao) consists of the 

 usual loose hooded frock, without opening except at the neck and wrists. 

 This reaches just over the hips, rarely about to mid-thigh, where it is cut 



1 Compare Nordenskiold, Vega, vol 2. p. 213. 



Vega, vol. 2, p. 98. 



Op. cit., pp. 241-245. 



See for example, Egede, p. 219; Crantz, vol. 1, p. 130; ISessels, Op. cit., pp. 805 and 808 (Smith 

 Sound) ; Knne, 1st Grinnell Exp., pp. 45 (Greenland) and KJ2 (Cape York) ; Brodbcck, &quot;Nach Osten,&quot; 

 pp. 23, 24, and Holm, Geografisk Tidskril t, vol. 8, p. 90 (East Greenland); 3 arry, 2d Voy., pp. 494-6 

 (Iglulik) ; l.oas, &quot; Central Eskimo,&quot; pp. 554-0; Runilien, loc. cit., pp. 22-25 (Cumberland Gulf) ; also, Fro- 

 bislier, in Ilakluyt s Voyages, 1589, etc., p. 628. 



Uall, Alaska, pp. 2] and 141. 



