MUBDOCH.] HUNTING. 263 



other end is cut into ornamental notches, and ornamented with an incised 

 pattern colored with red ocher, consisting of conventional lines and the 

 figure of a reindeer on each face, a Imck on one face and a doe on the 

 other. Tied by a bit of sinew to the uppermost notch are four legs and 

 three wing tips (three or four primaries, with the skin at the base) of the 

 buff-breasted sandpiper (Tryngites subruficollis). This was evidently 



Fltt. 2&I. Marker for meat cache. 



longer when new aird perhaps was originally used for a seal indicator 

 (which see above). Fig. 2&amp;lt;i3 (No. 89453 [1581] from Utkiavwln) is a 

 similar rod, the tip of which has been brought to an edge so that it can 

 be used as a &quot; feather-setter&quot; in feathering arrows. The remains of two 

 wing tips of some small bird are tied to one of the notches at the upper 

 end. 



METHODS OF HUNTING. 



Having now described in detail all the weapons and other implements 

 used in hunting, I am prepared to give an account of the time and 

 methods of pursuing the different kinds of game. 



The polar bear. Bears are occasionally met with in the winter by 

 the seal hunters, roaming about the ice fields at some distance from the 

 shore. They usually run from a man and often do not make a stand 

 even when wounded. Occasionally, however, a bear rendered bold by 

 hunger comes in from the sea and makes an attack on some native s 

 storehouse of seal meat even in the midst of the village. Of course, in 

 such a case he has very little chance of escape, as the natives all turn 

 out with their rifles and cut oft his retreat. Two bears were killed in 

 this way at Utkiavwln in the winter of 1882- 83. The bear is always 

 attacked with the rifle, often with the help of dogs to bring him to bay. 

 The umiaks -when walrus hunting sometimes meet with bears among 

 the loose ice. If the bear is caught in the water, there is very little 

 difficulty in paddling up close enough to him to shoot him. 



The wolf. The wolf can hardly be considered a regular object of 

 pursuit. Wolves are often seen and occasionally shot by deer hunters 

 in the winter, and one family in the summer of 1883 managed to catch 

 a couple of young wolf cubs alive, somewhere between Point Barrow 

 and the Colville. These they brought home with them and kept them 

 picketed on the ttuidra just outside of the village, witli a little kennel 

 of snow to shelter them, carefully feeding them till winter, when their 

 fur had grown long enough for use in trimming hoods. They were then 



