WAR TKOPHIES. 489 



Tlie four front teeth were extracted by the men and women of the 

 Latooka and other tribes of the White Nile, but no explanation i.s given 

 of the custom. 1 



In Dahomey, strings of human teeth are worn. 



Freycinetsaw in Timor, Straits of .Malacca, &quot;a score of human jaw 

 bones, which we wished to purchase: but all our otters were met by the 

 word pamali, meaning sacred.&quot; 3 



In one of the &quot;morals&quot; or temples entered by Ivotzebue in 1818, on 

 the Sandwich Islands, there were two great and ugly idols, one repre 

 senting a man, the other a woman. -The priests made me notice that 

 both statues, which had their mouths wide open, were furnished with a 

 row of human teeth.&quot; 4 



The Sandwich Islanders kept the jaw bones of their enemies as 

 trophies. 5 King Tamaahmaah had a &quot;spitbox which was set round 

 with human teeth, and had belonged to several of his predecessors,&quot; 6 



Among some of the Australian tribes the women wear about their 

 necks the teeth which have been knocked out of the mouths of the boys 

 at a certain age. 7 This custom of the Australians does not obtain among 

 the North American tribes, by whom the teeth, as they fall out, are 

 carefully hidden or buried under some tree or rock. At least, I have 

 been so informed by several persons, among others by Chato, one of 

 the principal men of the Ohiricahua Apache. 



Molina speaks of the customs of the Araucanians, who, after torturing 

 their captives to death, made war flutes out of their bones and used the 

 skulls for drinking vessels. 8 The, Abipoues of Paraguay make the bones 

 of their enemies into musical instruments/ 



The preceding practice is strictly in line with the &quot;medicinal&quot; and 

 &quot;magical&quot; values attached in Europe to human teeth, human skin, etc. 

 The curious reader may find much on this subject in the works of From- 

 inann, Beckherius, Etmuller, Samuel Augustus Flemming, and others 

 of the seventeenth century, where it will be shown that the ideas of the 

 people of Europe of that period were only in name superior to those of 

 the savages of America, the islands of the South Seas, and of Central 

 Africa. In my work upon &quot;The Scatalogic Kites of all Nations I have 

 treated this matter more in extenso, but what is here adduced will be 

 sufficient for the present article. 



The skin of Ziska, the Bohemian reformer, was made into a &quot;medicine 

 drum&quot; by his followers. 



1 Sir Samuel Baker, The Albert X yaiiza. Philadelphia. 1869. p. 154 et seq. 



2 Iturton. Mission to (lelele. vol. 1. p. r.i:&amp;gt; et seq. 



&quot; Voyage Round the World, London, 1823. pp. 209. 210. 



* Kotzebue, Voyage, London. 1H21. vol. 2. p. 202. See also Villaguitierre, cited above. 



6 Capt. Cook s First Voyage, in 1 inkerton s Voyages. London, 1812, vol. 11. pp. 513. 515. 



&quot;Campbell, Voyage Round the World, X. Y.. 1819. p. 1fl:i. 



1 razer, Totemism. Edinburgh, 1887. p. 28. 



HUtoria de Chile. Madrid, 1795. vol.2, p. 8. 



9 Spencer, Desc. Sociology. 



