510 MEDICINE-MEN OF THE APACHE. 



that they cast much ineale of Maiz upon the ground for the horses to 

 tread upon.&quot; 



I am under the impression that the ruins of this village are those near 

 the ranch of Mr. Thomas V. Keam, at Keam s Canyon, Arizona, called 

 by the Navajo &quot; Talla-hogandi,&quot; meaning &quot; singing house,&quot; in reference 

 to the Spanish mission which formerly existed there. This village is, 

 as I have hitherto shown, the ruin of the early pueblo of Awatubi. 



In his poem descriptive of the conquest of New Mexico, entitled 

 &quot;Nneva Mejieo,&quot; Alcala de Henares, 1610, Villagra uses the following 

 language : * 



I assando a Mokoce, Zibola, y /.HIM. 



Por euias nobles tierras descubrimos, 



Una gran tropa de Indios que veuia, 



Con cant idad Iiarina quo esparcian, 



Sobro la gente toda rauy apviessa, 



Y entrando assi on los pueblos las mugeies 



Dierou oil arrojaruns tanta dclla, 



Quo dinios en tomarles los costales, 



De doude results teuer con ellas, 



Unas rarnestolendas bien refiidas. 



It is gratifying to observe that the Spanish writer in the remote wilds 

 of America struck upon an important fact in ethnology : that the throw 

 ing of &quot;harina&quot; or flour by the people of Tusayan (Mohoe or Moqui), 

 Cibola, and Zniii (observe the odd separation of &quot;Zibola&quot; from either 

 Moqui or Zufii) was identical with the &quot;carnestolendas&quot; of Spain, in 

 which, on Shrove Tuesday, the women and girls cover all the men they 

 meet with flour. The men are not at all backward in returning the 

 compliment, and the streets are at times filled with the farinaceous dust. 



&quot;Harina de maiz azul&quot; is used by Mexicans in their religious cere 

 monies, especially those connected with the water deities. 3 The Pe 

 ruvians, when they bathed and sacrificed to cure themselves of sickness, 

 &quot; iintaudose primero con Harina de Maiz, i con otras cosas, con muchas, 

 i diversas ceremonias, i lo mismo hacen en los Bafios.&quot; 4 The kunqueof 

 the Peruvians very closely resembled that of the Zuiii. We read that 

 it was a compound of different-colored maize ground up with sea shells. 5 

 The Peruvians had a Priapic idol called Hua-cau-qui, of which we 

 read: &quot; On ort re a cette idole uue corbeille orn6e de plumes de diverses 

 couleurs et remplie d herbes odorifrantes; on y met aussi de la/urine 

 de nuiis qv&amp;lt;i 1 on renouvelle tons les mois, et les femmes se lavent la 



1 Hakluyt, Voyages, vol. 3, p. 470. &quot; Eehavau raucha harina de maiz por el suelo para quo la pisasseu 

 los caballos.&quot; Padre Fray Juau (ionzales de Meniloza. Do laa Cosas de Chiiio, etc. .Madrid, 1586, p. 172. 

 See also the Relacion of Padre Fray Alonso Fernandez. Hiatoria Eclesiastica de Nnestros Tk-mpos, 

 Toledo, 1611. pp. 15, 16. 



P. 162. 



3 Diego Duran, vol. 2, eap. 49, pp. 50&amp;lt;i. 507. 



4 Horrera. dee. 5., lib. 4, cap. 5, p. 02. 



Padre Christoval de Molina, Falilea and Kites of the Yncas, translated by Markham in Hakluyt Soc. 

 Trans . vol. 48. p. C:i, London, 1873. 



