Cultivation of Arable Land. Rye. 41 



ably below par, &quot;which,&quot; in his opinion, &quot; can only have happened by a too 

 frequent repetition of corn crops, and general bad management, which has of 

 courfe lefTened the quantity of live flock, and with that, the beft means of rail 

 ing manure. Let farmers,&quot; continues he, &quot; be induced to fow crops to be eaten 

 on the land by cattle, fo that they may there leave their* dung and urine, and 

 corn will then be grown in double quantity ; and the live (lock, fupported by 

 fuch green crops, be clear gain to the community.&quot; 



In order to afcertain the goodnefs of a Cample of wheat, it is necefTary to 

 judge by the eye whether the berry be perfectly fed, or full, plump, and bright, 

 and whether there be any adulteration proceeding from fprouted grains, fmut, 

 or the feeds of weeds ; and by the fmell, whether there be any improper im 

 pregnation, and whether it has been too much heated in the mow or upon the 

 kiln; and finally, by the feel, to determine if the grain be fufficiently dry, as 

 when much loaded with moifture it is improper for the ufes of the miller. 

 Where the fample handles coarfe, rough, and does not flip eafily in the hand, 

 it may be decided not to be in a condition either for grinding or laying up in 

 the granary. The fame means may alfo ferve to determine the weight; but con- 

 fiderable experience is necefTary to decide with much correctnefs. It is ob- 

 fervcd by the author of the Synopfis of Hufbandry, that it &quot; is a good fample 

 of wheat where the weight ofafack, at eight gallons the bufiiel in meafure, 

 arrives at four bufhels three and a quarter pecks in weight, or 2 cwt. i qr. 

 jSlb. If,&quot; continues he, &quot;a fack of this meafure weigh half bufhels and 

 quarter, the fample is not bad, which is 2 cwt. i qr. 4.1b.&quot; In the technical 

 language of the farmer and miller, it is ufual, he adds, &quot; to drop the bufhels, 

 and mention only the odd weight ; thus, in the firft inflance the wheat weighed 

 three pecks four, and in the latter half bufhels four. If there are no odd 

 pounds, it is faid to weigh half bufhels, or if from large meafure the weight 

 comes to 2 cwt. 2 qr. then it is faid to weigh &amp;lt;; bufhels.&quot; 



Rye. This is a fpecies of grain which probably approaches nearefl to the nature 

 of wheat of any that is at prefent in cultivation. It has two varieties, the winter 

 and fpring rye, or what is often farther diftinguifhed into the black and white or 



(it has lately been as high as 3/. 12s.) which is on the corn, equal per bulhel to - \ .0 2 7 



Short ftraw and chaff -.001 



Wheat, at an average price for many years . - &quot;-* 5 6 



The entire produce of wheat per buflie), is full 8 2 

 The weight of the wheat grown in the ftrong laud diitrift, is ufually 6l or 62lbs, per bufhel. * 



VOL, ii. G 



