490 Cultivation of Graft Land. Cow-keeping. Feeding of, $c. 



fiderable lofs fometimes takes place in this manner. In the foddering of the cows- 

 regard fhould alfo be had to fupply them with the food in fuch a way as to excite 

 the fccretions in as regular a manner as poflible. In this view too much food fhould 

 never be given at one time, but fupplied more frequently, as three or four times 

 oroftener in the courfe of the day. This praclice will likewife have an advantageous 

 effect in having the fodder more cleanly eaten up. 



The method of giving cows their food by the milk-farmers in the vicinity of 

 the metropolis, where this bufinefs is carried on upon the moft extenfive fcale, i& 

 thus dated in the valuable Agricultural Survey of that diftrict : tf During the night 

 the cows are confined in flails ; about three o clock in the morning each has a half- 

 bufhel bafket of grains ; when the milking is finimed, a bufhel bafket of turnips 

 is given to each cow ; and very foon afterwards they have an allotment, in the 

 proportion of one trufs to ten cows, of the moft grafTy and foft meadow hay, 

 which had been the moft early mown, and cured of the greeneft colour. Thefe 

 feveral feedings are generally made before eight o clock in the morning, at which 

 time the cows are turned into the cow-yard. About twelve o clock they are again 

 confined to their ftalls, and ferved with the fame quantity as they had in the morn 

 ing. When the afternoon milking, which continues till near three, is finiflied, 

 the cows are again ferved with the fame quantity of turnips, and about an hour 

 afterwards with the fame diftribution of hay as before defcribed. This mode of 

 feeding generally continues during the turnip feafon, which is from the month of 

 September to the month of May. During the other months of the year they are 

 fed with grains, cabbages, tares, and the foregoing proportion of rouen, or fecond 

 cut meadow hay, and are continued to be fed with the fame regularity until they 

 are turned out to grafs, when they continue in the field all night j and even during 

 this feafon they are frequently fed with grains ;&quot; which are kept fweet and eatable 

 for a considerable length of time, in the following manner : This is by depoliting 

 them in vats, or pits, below the furface of the ground, treading them tightly 

 down into them, and then covering them over with a layer of earth, fo as to pre 

 vent the air from coming in contact with them, and thereby producing fermenta 

 tion. In this way they may be continued in a perfectly found ftate from the 

 month of March till the fummer, when the brewing is difcontinued. They are 

 alfo capable of being preferved when well trodden down into cafks or tubs, which 

 have perforations in the bottoms for the purpofe of draining off the fuperabundant 

 moiiture : thefe Ihould be railed to fome height from the ground by pieces of 



