502 Cultivation of Grafs Land,-~~Rearing ofCahcs* 



Rearing of Cahes. This is a pra&ice that every farmer who is defirous of 

 having a good cow (lock (houki be careful in attending to, by feledling the bed 

 cow calves from fuch cows as are the mod quiet, give the riched milk, are the 

 mod hardy, and mod adapted to the comparative goodnefs of the farm, and 

 rearing them with every poflible attention. There are different modes of con- 

 dueling this bufmefs : but themoft natural and convenient, as well as that which is 

 mod advantageous to the animals, is permitting them to fuck for a fufficient length 

 of time to get into perfect order before they are put to other food, as in this way 

 they become much dronger, and moredifpofed to thrive, than where brought up 

 from the fird by the hand ; and, bcfides, the trouble is infinitely lefs. The proper 

 method would therefore feem to be, that of letting the calves be fuckled twice or 

 joftener a day for fome length of time before they are weaned. But this is a practice 

 that is not by any means general, different didricts having particular methods, 

 which they confider as the bed. 



In Yorkfhire the ufual method is, for the fird two or three weeks, for them to 

 get milk warm from the cow; but for the next two or three weeks half the new 

 milk is withdrawn, and fkimmed milk fubdituted in its dead ; and at the end of 

 that period the new milk is wholly withdrawn ; they are then fed on Ikimmed milk 

 alone, or fometimes mixed with water, till they are able to iupport themfelves by 

 eating grafs or other food of that fort. They are very feldom allowed to fuck. 

 But in Cheftiire the practice is to allow the calves to fuck for the fird three weeks. 

 They are then fed on warm green whey, or fcalded whey and butter-milk mixed : 

 with the green whey water is frequently mixed, and either oatmeal or wheat and 

 bean flour added. A quart of meal or flour is thought fufficient to mix with forty 

 or fifty quarts of liquid. Oatmeal gruel and butter-milk, with an addition of 

 ikimmed milk, are alfo ufed for the fame purpofe. Some one of thefe prepared 

 kinds of food is given night and morning for a few weeks after the calves are put 

 on that diet, but afterwards only once a day, till they are three months old or 

 more. Calves in Gloucederfhire are not allowed to fuck above two or three days ; 

 they are then fed on Ikimmed milk, which is previoufly heated over the fire. When 

 they arrive at fuch an age as to be able to eat a little, they are allowed fplit beans 

 or oats and cut hay, and water is mixed with the milk. And the Suflex method 

 :s dill materially different from any of thefe. It is common there to allow the 

 calves either to fuck for ten or twelve weeks, or to wean them at the end of three 

 r four, and to give them a liberal allowance of fkimmed milk for fix or eight 



